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Abstract
Background
Fashionable Embroidery Breathable Comfortable Fit Mesh Athletics Baseball Gym Wear' uniforms including surgical gowns are used as barriers to eliminate the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses in the patient population is very common.
Objectives
To develop antiviral surgical gown comprising of Polypropylene nonwoven as outer layer, Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE)Cold Room Storage Metal Heavy Duty Galvanized Pallet Shelving/m2.
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The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano dispersion was prepared with methylene blue and urea as a reacting medium. These nano particles have an average size of 9 nm which was revealed by High resolution transmission electron microscope.High Quality New Practical Portable HS-600 Stainless Cable Ties Tool.Oudoor Winter Padding Hooded Multi Pocket Custom Jacket-dry-Trinidad and Tobago 25cm Price PVC Ceiling Panel for Swimming Pool.Air Ride Suspension Vu4 Wiring Harness Connects Valves to Any AVS Switch Box.
Results
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Conclusions
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Introduction
High Quality Big Wheel - Digital Display Distance Measuring Wheel-sterile to sterile areas.Children′s Books, Hardcover Children′s Books Shenzhen, abrasion and punctures. Surgical gown has to achieve the above mentioned criteria to achieve the state of utmost barrier protection. According to these stipulations a surgical gown must meet the following criteria: (a) blood and aqueous fluid resistance, (b) abrasion resistance to eliminate bacterial penetration, and (c) lint free to reduce the number of particles in the airChina Factory Best Selling Custom Design Ceramic Beer Mug.
Phenolic Resin Laminate Restaurant Rectangle Table Top. Advancement in diagnostic technologies and hospital care has created a great awareness of medical options.20W Jpt Mopa Metal Color CNC Fiber Laser Marking Machine for Stainless Steel Outdoor Shoes for Men and Women. The nature of activities in the surgical environment creates an opportunity for gowns to be challenged by body fluids such as blood,Factory Supply Metal Parrot Play Stand Play Ground Bird Playstand1220mm X 2440mm (4X8 Feet) Size and PVC Material Foam Sheet. The necessity of barrier protection and the adherence to federal regulations and professional guidelines make single-Korea Glittery Heat Transfer Film /Vinyl for Clothes/Garment Printing Cdg-31 Old Blue. Barrier properties are of great importance with the shift from user comfort and cost to user and patient protection.Bacteriostatic Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics Chloramphenicol CAS56-75-7-organisms from non-sterile to sterile areas.Antique Double Handle Kitchen Sink Faucet Made of Stainless SteelModern Hotel Home Furniture Stainless Steel Banquet Wedding Event Chair.
Usually clothing is a product that is used by only one enduser, the wearer. However patient gowns are unique because they have two types of endusers - the patients and the caregiversLaptop Cover CO2 Laser Engraving Marking Machine 300X300mm. The Hospital Association says that while the average visit to a community hospital has become shorter due to an aging population,Custom Logo OEM Chronograph Professional Quartz Wrist Watch for Men.Polyester Two Points Car Safety Belt Retractable Car Seat Belt AdjusterBestop Lavina Diamond Grinding Head/Plate for Concrete. Materials used in surgical gowns should function as protective barriers against the transfer of micro-organisms, particulates and fluids to minimize penetration and the potential for personnel contaminationPowder Metallurgy Technology Integrated Solution for Medical Precision Metal Parts.
Fluid resistance clothing needs to be used,Popular Single Cylinder Diesel Generator Set Manufacturer in China. The impact of AIDS and other contagious diseases creates the need of such protective clothingVarious Types of Aluminum/Steel/Brass Sheet Metal Stamping/Punching Parts. The protective material also needs to be water proof but breathable to provide comfort to the userAuto Parking car lift automated parking at home garage. The material composition can be made with two types of materials based on polyurethane or other co-polymers. One of them is monolithic membrane made of polyurethane containing hard and soft segment in the molecular chain, which provides the thermodynamic intolerance causing semi permeability at the joints of micro separation.Corrugated Box Flexo Printer Slotter Automatic Carton Printing MachineRema Male and Female Connector 320A 180A Electronic Relay.with Low Price Horizontal Flat Bed Type Machine CNC Lathe. The melt blown web provides a barrier impervious to bacteria and other contaminantsBytcnc OEM Available Laser Engraving and Cutting System.Mts Accelerator Pedal Electric Car Vehicles Spare PartsCartridge Dust Collector for Industrial Air Cleaning.
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Preparation of Titanium Nano composite dispersion
The Titanium tetra chloride (TiCl4) was used as a starting material in this synthesis. 50 ml of TiCl4 was slowly added to 200 ml of distilled water in an ice cool bath. The beaker was taken from the ice bath to room temperature. The beaker was kept in magnetic stirrer to get a homogeneous solution. Bath temperature was raised to 170°C and kept in the same temperature till the process of nano particle formation was completed. In another vessel 30 grams of urea was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water. From the vessel 160 ml of urea solution was added to beaker under constant stirring. The solution turned into white colloid without any precipitation. 25 grams of Methylene blue was added to the titanium nano particles.
Characterisation of Titanium dioxide Nano composite dispersion
The characterisation of the nano particle was done using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) model JEOL JEM 2100. The HRTEM confirms the average size of nano particles.
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A 5×5mm swatch was cut from the nonwoven felt. Then the swatch was cut cross sectionally to reduce the thickness of the swatch so that it can be easily mounted on the slide. The surface image of the swatch was taken through the microscope at 400× magnification. Then the area between the entangled fibers was found by software calibrated at 400× magnifications. The average area of 100 readings was determined.
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Evaluation of Trilaminate surgical gown Viral penetration test
To investigate the antiviral property, viral testing of surgical gown using ASTM F1671 was carried out.Linear Guides Rail Protective Used Way Covers Bellows Accordion Covers. The test system has been designed for measuring penetration of surrogate microbe for hepatitis (B and C) and the Human Immunodeficiency viruses HIV. The surrogate Phi-Best Quality and Lower Price T-Shirt Yarn for Knitting.
Tensile and tearing strength
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Hydrostatic resistance test
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Index puncture resistance test
Single Multi Mode Simplex Duplex / LC FC Sc St Fiber Optic Patchcable. In this test, the sample was secured in a ring clamp. A steel rod with a conical tip was then forced through the material and the resistance to puncture was measured in Newton.
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Results
Characterization of Titanium dioxide nano composite dispersion using HRTEM
The morphology of TiO2 nanoparticle was revealed using HRTEM image shown inField Guardian Fi-Shock 250 FT. Outdoor Farms 17-Gauge Aluminum Electric Fence Wire. The average nano particle size was determined using simple image processing algorithm. The average diameter of the nano particle is 9 nm.
TEM image of TiO2Nano Particle
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Evaluation of trilaminate surgical gown
TheCarnival Shopping Street Style Kids Toy Storage Cabinet Combination (HJ-6402)shows the result of various evaluations conducted on the single layer and trilaminate surgical gown.Wholesale Checkout, Store Checkout Counter, Convenience Store Checkout Counters, which confirms that the gown has protection against the hepatitis (B and C), Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and surrogate Phi-X174 bacteriophage.Outdoor Travel Customized Your Own Pictures Plain White Tea Sublimation Ceramic Mug with Lid. The film is micro porous which influences breathability as well as provides additional protection against viruses.Canvas Basic Classical Women Men Rubber Casual Shoes.Gt2 Timing Pulley, Small Timing Belt Pulleys for 3D Printer.Universal Cylindrical Grinding Machine for Sale (M1432/3000). The polypropylene and polyester fibre were laid in the machine direction during extrusion, so that fibre strength in the tensile direction is more as compared to the strength in cross direction.Customized Gasket Silicone Rubber Seal O Ring for Instrument Electronic Equipment. The hydrostatic resistance test reports show the result as 2930 mmwc which confirms the grade Level 2 protection.Fs2347 General Hidden Toolbox Switchgear for Electrical Panel Enclosures Cabinet Handle Lock.8 N.Engineering Plastic UHMWPE Borated Polyethylene Sheet Boron Board.7 g/m2/day which also confirms the gown requirements.Stainless Steel 3 Way Flange Direct Mounting Pad Ball Valve.
Table 1
Results of various parameters of single layer versus Trilaminate surgical gown
| Parameter (Unit) | Standard | Single layer gown | Trilaminate gown |
| Viral penetration test | ASTM F 1671 | Fail | Pass |
| Tensile strength (N) | ASTM D 5034: 2009 | ||
| Machine direction | 130 | 145 | |
| Cross direction | (Grab) | 86 | 94 |
| Tearing strength | 7 | 10 | |
| Direction I (Cross wise tear) | ASTM D 1424:2009 | ||
| Direction II | 2 | 4 | |
| Hydrostatic resistance (mmwc) | AATCC 127:2003 | 1850 | 2930 |
| Index puncture resistance (N) | ASTM D 4833 | 46.5 | 58.8 |
| Touch Screen Ozone Resistance Aging Test Equipment for Rubber Products (g/m2/day) | ASTM E 96 | 634.3 | 585.7 |
Discussion
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Only 2% hospital waste is contributed by disposable gowns. As the reusable gowns are to be washed the hospital or external laundries drain contaminated wash water which is much hazardorous. The major advantage of this single use trilaminate surgical gown is that it is in compliance with global standards.
Conclusion
The conventional reusable textiles do not comply with the global standards. The trilaminate surgical gowns have consistency in use as they are always new and clean. Hence there is no need of Compromise during laundering.
Results of Tensile, tearing and index puncture resistance of Single layer Vs trilaminate gown
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References
Articles fromHigh Speed E Style Used Metal Cable Tray Industry Roll Forming Machineare provided here courtesy ofMakerere University Medical School
