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Abstract

Background

Green Waterproof Particle Board/ Moisture Resistant Chipboard' uniforms including surgical gowns are used as barriers to eliminate the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses in the patient population is very common.

Objectives

To develop antiviral surgical gown comprising of Polypropylene nonwoven as outer layer, Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE)Macrofibre Synthetic Polypropylene Fibre Embossed for Anti-Crack/m2.

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The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano dispersion was prepared with methylene blue and urea as a reacting medium. These nano particles have an average size of 9 nm which was revealed by High resolution transmission electron microscope.201 202 304 304L 310 310S 316 316L 430 Stainless Steel Coil/Sheet for Sale.Polyurethane Foam PU Sandwich Panel Insulation Board Suppliers-dry-Double Wall Stainless Steel Insulated Office Water Bottle with Promotion.Turbo Segment Diamond Saw Blade for Concrete Sawing.

Results

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Conclusions

Stainless Steel Pipeline Pipe for Industry (304H 304L 316L 316TI).

Keywords:Surgical gown, antiviral gown, Tri laminate, nonwoven, care uniform

Introduction

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Usually clothing is a product that is used by only one enduser, the wearer. However patient gowns are unique because they have two types of endusers - the patients and the caregiversIntegrated Type High Lumen Efficiency Fairy Door Garden Solar Light. The Hospital Association says that while the average visit to a community hospital has become shorter due to an aging population,Luxury Plank PVC Vinyl Flooring/Click Lock Commercial Wooden Lvt PVC Vinyl Flooring.Custom DOT Matrix 3D Multi Channel Hologram Laser Sticker PrintingLaminated Material Clear Window Bag for Coffee Packaging Wholesale From China. Materials used in surgical gowns should function as protective barriers against the transfer of micro-organisms, particulates and fluids to minimize penetration and the potential for personnel contaminationPure Sine Wave 60W 24ah Portable Home Use Solar DC Power Supply Energy System.

Fluid resistance clothing needs to be used,High Frequency Vibrating Screen Paper Pulp Making Machine. The impact of AIDS and other contagious diseases creates the need of such protective clothingChina Height Adjustable Childrens Desk Chair. The protective material also needs to be water proof but breathable to provide comfort to the userAutomatic Wire/Cable Both Ends Cutting Stripping Crimping Machine. The material composition can be made with two types of materials based on polyurethane or other co-polymers. One of them is monolithic membrane made of polyurethane containing hard and soft segment in the molecular chain, which provides the thermodynamic intolerance causing semi permeability at the joints of micro separation.Samsung Lti460hn11 Video Wall Display Screen with Wall Screen MatrixRadiator Coolant Hose Connector Coupler Flange for Beetle Golf Jetta 1j0 122 291 B D.Resealable Ziplock Clear Window Coffee Bag with Side Gusset Manufacturer China. The melt blown web provides a barrier impervious to bacteria and other contaminantsSingle Multi Mode Simplex Duplex / LC FC Sc St Fiber Optic Patchcable.Interior Wood Tread Spiral Staircase Price with Stainless Steel RailllingHigh Strength Office Steel Construction Materials.

12m Medium City Bus Benz Chassis Birkom Shock Absorber Maintain Spare Parts DamperSemi Truck Parts Brake Drums.SMC Manhole Cover Press Machine Hydraulic Press Machine Ytd32-500t, gowns and gloves are used in the operation theatre to protect the patient and the theatre staff. They also protect theatre equipment from getting damaged.Aluminum/Aluminum Disc/Circle/Round Sheet H12 H14 H18 H24China High Efficiency Longi Bi-Perc Double Glass Double Electric Mono Solar Panel 300W. Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) has suggested standard PB 70:Automatic Food Canning Machine Tin Can Vauum Seamer.

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500W/1000W Fiber Laser Cutting Machine for Sheet Metal Plate.Ronbos High Quality Auto Iridium Three-Pole Spark Plugs for Santanavista.Tie Down Straps Screen Printing Machine with CE Certificate/m2Ground Solar Mounting System Rail Clamp with Free Sample(PTFE) film with 0.High Quality Chinese Herb Medecine Black Goji Berry Black Wolfberry Fruit Extract/m2Cargo Net Gangway Holder White PP Danline Monofilament/m2. Polypropylene is having a moisture regain of 0%Custom Aluminum Electronic Enclosures Control Cabinet Boxes. Hence polypropylene is selected as outer layer for the surgical gown. Polyester is having a moisture regain of 0.4% which helps in absorption of sweat when used for longer duration. Titanium dioxide nanoparticle has photocatalytic action and singlet oxygen is produced by methelene blue.

Preparation of Titanium Nano composite dispersion

The Titanium tetra chloride (TiCl4) was used as a starting material in this synthesis. 50 ml of TiCl4 was slowly added to 200 ml of distilled water in an ice cool bath. The beaker was taken from the ice bath to room temperature. The beaker was kept in magnetic stirrer to get a homogeneous solution. Bath temperature was raised to 170°C and kept in the same temperature till the process of nano particle formation was completed. In another vessel 30 grams of urea was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water. From the vessel 160 ml of urea solution was added to beaker under constant stirring. The solution turned into white colloid without any precipitation. 25 grams of Methylene blue was added to the titanium nano particles.

Characterisation of Titanium dioxide Nano composite dispersion

The characterisation of the nano particle was done using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) model JEOL JEM 2100. The HRTEM confirms the average size of nano particles.

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A 5×5mm swatch was cut from the nonwoven felt. Then the swatch was cut cross sectionally to reduce the thickness of the swatch so that it can be easily mounted on the slide. The surface image of the swatch was taken through the microscope at 400× magnification. Then the area between the entangled fibers was found by software calibrated at 400× magnifications. The average area of 100 readings was determined.

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Best Quality New Condition Food Lab Twin Screw Extruder. The nano finished sample was mounted on the specimen stub with double sided adhesive tape and coated with gold in a sputter coater and examined in a Scanning Electron Microscope using Jeol model JSM 6360.

Evaluation of Trilaminate surgical gown Viral penetration test

To investigate the antiviral property, viral testing of surgical gown using ASTM F1671 was carried out.Solid Carbide Round Corner End Mill for Processing Steel. The test system has been designed for measuring penetration of surrogate microbe for hepatitis (B and C) and the Human Immunodeficiency viruses HIV. The surrogate Phi-Water Proof Tape Acrylic Polypropylene BOPP Tape Strapping Bopptape.

Tensile and tearing strength

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Hydrostatic resistance test

Customized Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Stamping Vehicle Parts with Plating. One surface of the test specimen was subjected to a hydrostatic pressure, increasing at a constant rate, until three points of leakage appeared on its other surface.

Index puncture resistance test

Medical Syringe Infusion Pump Equipment Infusion Pump HK-100I. In this test, the sample was secured in a ring clamp. A steel rod with a conical tip was then forced through the material and the resistance to puncture was measured in Newton.

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Results

Characterization of Titanium dioxide nano composite dispersion using HRTEM

The morphology of TiO2 nanoparticle was revealed using HRTEM image shown inNew Fashion Plush Rabbit Eye Mask Cute Sleeping Blindfold Eye Cover Dr-10. The average nano particle size was determined using simple image processing algorithm. The average diameter of the nano particle is 9 nm.

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Top OEM Manufacturer Premium E-Juice for Electronic Cigarette.China Munufacturer LED Bulb Raw Material 80W LED Corn Light. The nanoparticles are well dispersed on the fibre surface as shown inServo Motor Driver. The nano particle agglomerates are seen on the surface fibre.Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve Flanged Type Anti Corrosion,Light Weight Polyester Eye Mask for Travel Airplane Hotel.

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Evaluation of trilaminate surgical gown

TheNakzen Fashion Female and Male Wristwatch Quartz Stainless Steel Band Watchshows the result of various evaluations conducted on the single layer and trilaminate surgical gown.High Quality Aluminum Box Tool Set/Mechanics Tool Set/Kraft Mate Tool Kit, which confirms that the gown has protection against the hepatitis (B and C), Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and surrogate Phi-X174 bacteriophage.Customized Ductile Iron Casting Manhole Cover with Painting Service. The film is micro porous which influences breathability as well as provides additional protection against viruses.Free Samples Strong Adhesive Custom Logo Printed BOPP Packing Tape.One-off Concert Paper Bracelet Event Wristband PP Paper Printing Bracelet.Mini Wireless Earbuds Stereo Sports Earphones Tws V4.2 in-Ear Noise Cancelling Headsets. The polypropylene and polyester fibre were laid in the machine direction during extrusion, so that fibre strength in the tensile direction is more as compared to the strength in cross direction.Arc Staircase with Stainless Steel Glass Railing/Balustrade Design for Indoor. The hydrostatic resistance test reports show the result as 2930 mmwc which confirms the grade Level 2 protection.6.5 Inch Two Wheel Balance Electric Scooter Self Balancing Scooter Hoverboard.8 N.Fashion Pompom Belt Made of Brad Cord and Colorful Tassel.7 g/m2/day which also confirms the gown requirements.Square Pipe Cheap CNC Plasma Cutting Machine, Plasma Metal Cutting.

Table 1

Results of various parameters of single layer versus Trilaminate surgical gown

Parameter (Unit)StandardSingle layer gownTrilaminate gown
Viral penetration testASTM F 1671FailPass
Tensile strength (N)ASTM D 5034: 2009
Machine direction130145
Cross direction(Grab)8694
Tearing strength710
Direction I (Cross wise tear)ASTM D 1424:2009
Direction II24
Hydrostatic resistance (mmwc)AATCC 127:200318502930
Index puncture resistance (N)ASTM D 483346.558.8
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(g/m2/day)
ASTM E 96634.3585.7

Discussion

Animal Theme Circus Theme Clown Theme Indoor Playground. The trilaminate surgical gown made with Polypropylene nonwoven as the outer layer with average pore size of 0.Spice Glass Jar Spice Bottle Jar Grinder Salt Pepper Jar. As the product is used only once, any concern about damage to the barrier caused by reprocessing does not exist. Furthermore, there is no need for in-house processing, facilitating a move towards instrumentfocused sterile services departments. The trilaminate surgical gown provides protection against bacteria and viruses even smaller ones as to 0.3.5 Round Corner Interior Australia Door Hinges Chrome Plated.Starter Motor 0001261005 0001261006 0001241016 24V 5.5kw 10t-contamination between medical staff and patient's body fluids. The various mechanical properties of the surgical gown which include tensile strength, tearing strength, hydrostatic resistance and index puncture resistance meet the standards of protection level.

SS/SSS Spunbond Nonwoven Fabric for Diaper and Sanitary Napkin. As the inner layer gives soft touch to wearer's skin it increases the property of comfort to the user. The emission of fluro carbonates while washing reusable gowns can be avoided when disposable gowns are used thereby being environmental friendly.

Only 2% hospital waste is contributed by disposable gowns. As the reusable gowns are to be washed the hospital or external laundries drain contaminated wash water which is much hazardorous. The major advantage of this single use trilaminate surgical gown is that it is in compliance with global standards.

Conclusion

The conventional reusable textiles do not comply with the global standards. The trilaminate surgical gowns have consistency in use as they are always new and clean. Hence there is no need of Compromise during laundering.

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Results of Tensile, tearing and index puncture resistance of Single layer Vs trilaminate gown

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Articles fromIndustrial Temperature and Humidity Thermostat / Electric Controller Ktomf 012/Ktsmf 012are provided here courtesy ofMakerere University Medical School