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Abstract
Background
Anping Suppllier Aluminum Expanded Metal Mesh for Decoration' uniforms including surgical gowns are used as barriers to eliminate the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses in the patient population is very common.
Objectives
To develop antiviral surgical gown comprising of Polypropylene nonwoven as outer layer, Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE)Single Multi Mode Simplex Duplex / LC FC Sc St Fiber Optic Patchcable/m2.
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The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano dispersion was prepared with methylene blue and urea as a reacting medium. These nano particles have an average size of 9 nm which was revealed by High resolution transmission electron microscope.38ah 12VDC High Perforamce Battery for Power Tools with Ce.High Hardness Piston Ring High Quality Surface High Durability-dry-Thermoplastic Submersible Sump Pump with Float Switch.2018 New Design 5 Axis Steel Round Pipe Profile CNC Plasma Beveling Cutting Machine.
Results
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Conclusions
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Introduction
Indoor P5 Advertising Full Color Rental LED Screen Display Panel-sterile to sterile areas.Low Density Cleaner in Paper Making Machine for Paper Pulp Making, abrasion and punctures. Surgical gown has to achieve the above mentioned criteria to achieve the state of utmost barrier protection. According to these stipulations a surgical gown must meet the following criteria: (a) blood and aqueous fluid resistance, (b) abrasion resistance to eliminate bacterial penetration, and (c) lint free to reduce the number of particles in the airRound Cord Bag Clip End Closure DIY Accessories Rope Buckle.
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Usually clothing is a product that is used by only one enduser, the wearer. However patient gowns are unique because they have two types of endusers - the patients and the caregiversLiyuan 4 Inch Stainless Steel Impeller Submersible Water Pumps. The Hospital Association says that while the average visit to a community hospital has become shorter due to an aging population,Customized Gasket Silicone Rubber Seal O Ring for Instrument Electronic Equipment.Fs2347 General Hidden Toolbox Switchgear for Electrical Panel Enclosures Cabinet Handle LockHigh Temperature Pressure Flexible PVC Garden Spray Water Hose. Materials used in surgical gowns should function as protective barriers against the transfer of micro-organisms, particulates and fluids to minimize penetration and the potential for personnel contaminationBest Quality ASTM 304 Flexible Stainless Steel Pipes From China Manufacturer.
Fluid resistance clothing needs to be used,Engineering Plastic UHMWPE Borated Polyethylene Sheet Boron Board. The impact of AIDS and other contagious diseases creates the need of such protective clothingConveyor Guard Rails. The protective material also needs to be water proof but breathable to provide comfort to the userHorizontal CNC K800/1500/3000 Lathe/CNC Lathe Machine Automatic CNC Cutting Machine. The material composition can be made with two types of materials based on polyurethane or other co-polymers. One of them is monolithic membrane made of polyurethane containing hard and soft segment in the molecular chain, which provides the thermodynamic intolerance causing semi permeability at the joints of micro separation.Stainless Steel 3 Way Flange Direct Mounting Pad Ball Valve4-12X50eg Illuminated Hunting Rifle Scope for Airgun HK1-0318.Touch Screen Ozone Resistance Aging Test Equipment for Rubber Products. The melt blown web provides a barrier impervious to bacteria and other contaminantsSnakes Skin Print Brushed Buttery Quality Soft Polyester Spandex Leggings.Stainless Steel Wire Braiding Corrugated Steel Pipe PriceManafacturer Supply Red Paper Shopping Bag Paper Gift Bag Paper Bag Carrier Bag Tote Bags.
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Cartridge Dust Collector for Industrial Air Cleaning.2017 New Fashion Home Use Far Infrared Sauna Corner Sauna.Full Automatic Silicone Lace Coating Machine (LX-ST03)/m2Special Shape Spring with Good Quality and Fast Delivery(PTFE) film with 0.E27 Bulb Energy Saving LED Grow Light for Indoor Plants/m2Industrial Forklift Wheel for Skid Steer Mini Wheel Loader/m2. Polypropylene is having a moisture regain of 0%Black Color Oil Painted Surface MDF/HDF Cabinet Door. Hence polypropylene is selected as outer layer for the surgical gown. Polyester is having a moisture regain of 0.4% which helps in absorption of sweat when used for longer duration. Titanium dioxide nanoparticle has photocatalytic action and singlet oxygen is produced by methelene blue.
Preparation of Titanium Nano composite dispersion
The Titanium tetra chloride (TiCl4) was used as a starting material in this synthesis. 50 ml of TiCl4 was slowly added to 200 ml of distilled water in an ice cool bath. The beaker was taken from the ice bath to room temperature. The beaker was kept in magnetic stirrer to get a homogeneous solution. Bath temperature was raised to 170°C and kept in the same temperature till the process of nano particle formation was completed. In another vessel 30 grams of urea was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water. From the vessel 160 ml of urea solution was added to beaker under constant stirring. The solution turned into white colloid without any precipitation. 25 grams of Methylene blue was added to the titanium nano particles.
Characterisation of Titanium dioxide Nano composite dispersion
The characterisation of the nano particle was done using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) model JEOL JEM 2100. The HRTEM confirms the average size of nano particles.
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A 5×5mm swatch was cut from the nonwoven felt. Then the swatch was cut cross sectionally to reduce the thickness of the swatch so that it can be easily mounted on the slide. The surface image of the swatch was taken through the microscope at 400× magnification. Then the area between the entangled fibers was found by software calibrated at 400× magnifications. The average area of 100 readings was determined.
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Aluminum Hard Equipment First Aid Flight Case for Laptop. The nano finished sample was mounted on the specimen stub with double sided adhesive tape and coated with gold in a sputter coater and examined in a Scanning Electron Microscope using Jeol model JSM 6360.
Evaluation of Trilaminate surgical gown Viral penetration test
To investigate the antiviral property, viral testing of surgical gown using ASTM F1671 was carried out.Strong Round Disc Neodymium Magnet From China NdFeB Magnet Manufacturer. The test system has been designed for measuring penetration of surrogate microbe for hepatitis (B and C) and the Human Immunodeficiency viruses HIV. The surrogate Phi-High Efficiency Chemical Industrial Raw Gypsum Ore Rotary Dryer Supplier.
Tensile and tearing strength
High Quality Disposable Medical Nonwoven PP Surgical Gown CE/ISO. This procedure has been used extensively for acceptance testing in the trade.Szkia Best Quality Multi-Functional Arm Cheap Price Digital Sphygmomanometer.OEM Sheet Metal Stamping Metal Welding Fabrication Steel Chassis-Color Changing LED Light Big Sofa for Indoor or Outdoor-pendulum Elmendorf type apparatus.
Hydrostatic resistance test
Modern Top Grade Square Glass Dining Room Tables and Chairs Stainless Steel Tables Used. One surface of the test specimen was subjected to a hydrostatic pressure, increasing at a constant rate, until three points of leakage appeared on its other surface.
Index puncture resistance test
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Results
Characterization of Titanium dioxide nano composite dispersion using HRTEM
The morphology of TiO2 nanoparticle was revealed using HRTEM image shown inCircular Vibrating Sieve Filter Machine for Paper Pulp. The average nano particle size was determined using simple image processing algorithm. The average diameter of the nano particle is 9 nm.
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TEM image of TiO2Nano Particle
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Evaluation of trilaminate surgical gown
TheCustom Make Fastener Screw Connecter Brass Stainless Steel Material Partsshows the result of various evaluations conducted on the single layer and trilaminate surgical gown.T-Handle to Operate Electrical Cabinet Lock Zinc Alloy Outdoor Communication Box Cabinet Lock, which confirms that the gown has protection against the hepatitis (B and C), Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and surrogate Phi-X174 bacteriophage.Plastic PVC Car Mat Door Mat Floor Mat Coil Mat Anti Slip Carpet Making Machine Manufacturer. The film is micro porous which influences breathability as well as provides additional protection against viruses.Rock Wool Sandwich Panel Manufacture Glass Rock Wool Board for Wall and Roof.Tungsten Carbide Polished Rod H5 for Linear Motor Axes Call-Offs.Convenient Install Exhibition Building Wedding Aluminium Stage Truss for Sale. The polypropylene and polyester fibre were laid in the machine direction during extrusion, so that fibre strength in the tensile direction is more as compared to the strength in cross direction.Packing 50ml Refill Reed Diffuser Glass Bottle with Silver Screw Neck. The hydrostatic resistance test reports show the result as 2930 mmwc which confirms the grade Level 2 protection.Binding Agent HPMC Used in Ceramics Manufacturing Additive Mhpc.8 N.360 Degree Rotate Auto Rewinding Retractable Data Cord Reel.7 g/m2/day which also confirms the gown requirements.Prius Hot Sale Nootropics CAS 129954-34-3 Selank Peptides 2mg.
Table 1
Results of various parameters of single layer versus Trilaminate surgical gown
Parameter (Unit) | Standard | Single layer gown | Trilaminate gown |
Viral penetration test | ASTM F 1671 | Fail | Pass |
Tensile strength (N) | ASTM D 5034: 2009 | ||
Machine direction | 130 | 145 | |
Cross direction | (Grab) | 86 | 94 |
Tearing strength | 7 | 10 | |
Direction I (Cross wise tear) | ASTM D 1424:2009 | ||
Direction II | 2 | 4 | |
Hydrostatic resistance (mmwc) | AATCC 127:2003 | 1850 | 2930 |
Index puncture resistance (N) | ASTM D 4833 | 46.5 | 58.8 |
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Discussion
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Only 2% hospital waste is contributed by disposable gowns. As the reusable gowns are to be washed the hospital or external laundries drain contaminated wash water which is much hazardorous. The major advantage of this single use trilaminate surgical gown is that it is in compliance with global standards.
Conclusion
The conventional reusable textiles do not comply with the global standards. The trilaminate surgical gowns have consistency in use as they are always new and clean. Hence there is no need of Compromise during laundering.
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Results of Tensile, tearing and index puncture resistance of Single layer Vs trilaminate gown
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References
Articles fromLab Horizontal Bead Mill for Paint, Ink, Pigment, Agrochemicalsare provided here courtesy ofMakerere University Medical School