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Abstract
Background
Individually Wrapped Single Pack Alcohol Free Wet Wipes Towel Tissue' uniforms including surgical gowns are used as barriers to eliminate the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses in the patient population is very common.
Objectives
To develop antiviral surgical gown comprising of Polypropylene nonwoven as outer layer, Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE)Bathtub Caddy Bamboo Bath Tub Rack Tray Bathroom Cloth Book/Pad/Tablet Holder/m2.
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The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano dispersion was prepared with methylene blue and urea as a reacting medium. These nano particles have an average size of 9 nm which was revealed by High resolution transmission electron microscope.Wld9000au Australia Standard Auto Maintenance for Car Paint Booth.Wholesale 700c Cheap Road Bike Steel Frame OEM Adult Bicycle Road Bicycle-dry-Custom Travel Mom Diaper Bag Large Capacity Mummy Baby Backpack.Water Resistant Composite Paper Fruit Cover Insect Preventing Wrapping Bag.
Results
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Conclusions
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Introduction
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Preparation of Titanium Nano composite dispersion
The Titanium tetra chloride (TiCl4) was used as a starting material in this synthesis. 50 ml of TiCl4 was slowly added to 200 ml of distilled water in an ice cool bath. The beaker was taken from the ice bath to room temperature. The beaker was kept in magnetic stirrer to get a homogeneous solution. Bath temperature was raised to 170°C and kept in the same temperature till the process of nano particle formation was completed. In another vessel 30 grams of urea was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water. From the vessel 160 ml of urea solution was added to beaker under constant stirring. The solution turned into white colloid without any precipitation. 25 grams of Methylene blue was added to the titanium nano particles.
Characterisation of Titanium dioxide Nano composite dispersion
The characterisation of the nano particle was done using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) model JEOL JEM 2100. The HRTEM confirms the average size of nano particles.
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A 5×5mm swatch was cut from the nonwoven felt. Then the swatch was cut cross sectionally to reduce the thickness of the swatch so that it can be easily mounted on the slide. The surface image of the swatch was taken through the microscope at 400× magnification. Then the area between the entangled fibers was found by software calibrated at 400× magnifications. The average area of 100 readings was determined.
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Evaluation of Trilaminate surgical gown Viral penetration test
To investigate the antiviral property, viral testing of surgical gown using ASTM F1671 was carried out.Corrosion-Resistant Filament Winding FRP/GRP Round Pipe. The test system has been designed for measuring penetration of surrogate microbe for hepatitis (B and C) and the Human Immunodeficiency viruses HIV. The surrogate Phi-China Supplier Factory Inox 316 Uns S31635 Stainless Welded Steel Pipe.
Tensile and tearing strength
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Hydrostatic resistance test
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Index puncture resistance test
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Results
Characterization of Titanium dioxide nano composite dispersion using HRTEM
The morphology of TiO2 nanoparticle was revealed using HRTEM image shown inTorch MID Size SMT Wave Soldering Machine for PCB Tb780d. The average nano particle size was determined using simple image processing algorithm. The average diameter of the nano particle is 9 nm.
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Evaluation of trilaminate surgical gown
TheHigh Speed Cord Knitting Machine for Cord and Rope/Knitting Machineshows the result of various evaluations conducted on the single layer and trilaminate surgical gown.Best Quality ACP PVDF Coating Aluminium Composite Panel, which confirms that the gown has protection against the hepatitis (B and C), Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and surrogate Phi-X174 bacteriophage.10 Ton Heavy Duty Offshore Mooring Air Powered Tugger Winch Air Winch for Drilling Rigs. The film is micro porous which influences breathability as well as provides additional protection against viruses.Light Steel Kit House for Poultry and Livestock Farm.Custom Running Sport Towel Travel Printed Hand Towels.0.1-50mm Yttria Stabilized Zirconia Ball Mill Grinding Media. The polypropylene and polyester fibre were laid in the machine direction during extrusion, so that fibre strength in the tensile direction is more as compared to the strength in cross direction.Factory Price BV Designer Handbag Genuine Leather Women Purses Real Leather Ladies Handbags. The hydrostatic resistance test reports show the result as 2930 mmwc which confirms the grade Level 2 protection.Carnival Shopping Street Style Kids Toy Storage Cabinet Combination (HJ-6402).8 N.2011 Polished Mirror Wire Drawn Anodized Aluminium Alloy Sheet.7 g/m2/day which also confirms the gown requirements.200W UFO LED High Bay Light Fixture for Interior Exterior Applications.
Table 1
Parameter (Unit) | Standard | Single layer gown | Trilaminate gown |
Viral penetration test | ASTM F 1671 | Fail | Pass |
Tensile strength (N) | ASTM D 5034: 2009 | ||
Machine direction | 130 | 145 | |
Cross direction | (Grab) | 86 | 94 |
Tearing strength | 7 | 10 | |
Direction I (Cross wise tear) | ASTM D 1424:2009 | ||
Direction II | 2 | 4 | |
Hydrostatic resistance (mmwc) | AATCC 127:2003 | 1850 | 2930 |
Index puncture resistance (N) | ASTM D 4833 | 46.5 | 58.8 |
Fiber Optical Sc 24 48 Core Sliding Patch Panel Rack Mounted ODF Fiber Optical Distribution Frame (g/m2/day) | ASTM E 96 | 634.3 | 585.7 |
Discussion
CL2T-SF205G Comlom Military Steel Folding Spade with Peak. The trilaminate surgical gown made with Polypropylene nonwoven as the outer layer with average pore size of 0.Kth Series Closed Type High Precision Punching Press. As the product is used only once, any concern about damage to the barrier caused by reprocessing does not exist. Furthermore, there is no need for in-house processing, facilitating a move towards instrumentfocused sterile services departments. The trilaminate surgical gown provides protection against bacteria and viruses even smaller ones as to 0.Commercial Electric Overhead Aluminum Foam Roller Shutter Door for Garage or Warehouse.Laboratory High Low Temperature Humidity Control Stability Test Environmental Chamber for Battery-contamination between medical staff and patient's body fluids. The various mechanical properties of the surgical gown which include tensile strength, tearing strength, hydrostatic resistance and index puncture resistance meet the standards of protection level.
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Only 2% hospital waste is contributed by disposable gowns. As the reusable gowns are to be washed the hospital or external laundries drain contaminated wash water which is much hazardorous. The major advantage of this single use trilaminate surgical gown is that it is in compliance with global standards.
Conclusion
The conventional reusable textiles do not comply with the global standards. The trilaminate surgical gowns have consistency in use as they are always new and clean. Hence there is no need of Compromise during laundering.
References
Articles fromHDPE Fishing Cage/ Floating Fish Cage Net on Deepsea for Sea Aquaculatureare provided here courtesy ofMakerere University Medical School