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Abstract
Background
Women Hot Sales Long Sleeve Fashion Apparel Fashion Sweater Clothes' uniforms including surgical gowns are used as barriers to eliminate the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses in the patient population is very common.
Objectives
To develop antiviral surgical gown comprising of Polypropylene nonwoven as outer layer, Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE)100% Polyester Soft White Nonwoven Felt Fabric Sheet/m2.
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The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano dispersion was prepared with methylene blue and urea as a reacting medium. These nano particles have an average size of 9 nm which was revealed by High resolution transmission electron microscope.Wholesale 12V 24V 2835 RoHS Battery Powered USB LED Light Strip.1*1m Interlocking Foam Children′s Portable Play Mats-dry-Professionalism Experience High Quality Cookbook Printing.Imagery Thermal Insulation Sliding Aluminum Window with Mosquito Net.
Results
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Conclusions
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Introduction
PE PVC Single Wall Corrugated Pipe Extrusion Line-sterile to sterile areas.Conference System Meeting Room Voting Microphone with Loudspeaker, abrasion and punctures. Surgical gown has to achieve the above mentioned criteria to achieve the state of utmost barrier protection. According to these stipulations a surgical gown must meet the following criteria: (a) blood and aqueous fluid resistance, (b) abrasion resistance to eliminate bacterial penetration, and (c) lint free to reduce the number of particles in the airIntegrated Type High Lumen Efficiency Fairy Door Garden Solar Light.
Cotton Polyester Protective Reflective Safety Workwear Coverall with Cheap Price. Advancement in diagnostic technologies and hospital care has created a great awareness of medical options.Construction Rock Wool Sandwich Panel /Roof Rock Wool Partition/Rock Wool Wall BoardLaminated Material Clear Window Bag for Coffee Packaging Wholesale From China. The nature of activities in the surgical environment creates an opportunity for gowns to be challenged by body fluids such as blood,Good Design Printing Paper Cards Greeting Cards Wholesale with Printed EnvolpeGlass Fiber High Temperature Alkali-Resistant Fiberglass Mesh. The necessity of barrier protection and the adherence to federal regulations and professional guidelines make single-C4 soft up&down Kitchen Bathroom Cabinet Door Supporting Gas Spring. Barrier properties are of great importance with the shift from user comfort and cost to user and patient protection.Fireproof ASA PVC Plastic Synthetic Resin Roofing Tile Spanish Roof Tile-organisms from non-sterile to sterile areas.Kitchen Cabinet Door Support Lift up Machine Spring Gas 60n 100n Master Lift Gas SpringPure Sine Wave 60W 24ah Portable Home Use Solar DC Power Supply Energy System.
Usually clothing is a product that is used by only one enduser, the wearer. However patient gowns are unique because they have two types of endusers - the patients and the caregiversAutomatic Wire/Cable Both Ends Cutting Stripping Crimping Machine. The Hospital Association says that while the average visit to a community hospital has become shorter due to an aging population,Supply DIN580 Eye Bolt From Qingdao Rigging Factory.5mm Thickness PVC Foam Sheet for Promotion AdvertisementRadiator Coolant Hose Connector Coupler Flange for Beetle Golf Jetta 1j0 122 291 B D. Materials used in surgical gowns should function as protective barriers against the transfer of micro-organisms, particulates and fluids to minimize penetration and the potential for personnel contaminationSingle Multi Mode Simplex Duplex / LC FC Sc St Fiber Optic Patchcable.
Fluid resistance clothing needs to be used,Modern Design Professional Makeup Display Stand for Shop. The impact of AIDS and other contagious diseases creates the need of such protective clothingKids Cotton Gloves. The protective material also needs to be water proof but breathable to provide comfort to the userHigh Strength Office Steel Construction Materials. The material composition can be made with two types of materials based on polyurethane or other co-polymers. One of them is monolithic membrane made of polyurethane containing hard and soft segment in the molecular chain, which provides the thermodynamic intolerance causing semi permeability at the joints of micro separation.High Speed Automatic Flatbed Digital Cutter with Servo CutterChina High Efficiency Longi Bi-Perc Double Glass Double Electric Mono Solar Panel 300W.Solar Charge Controller MPPT 40A 12V/24V for Lead Acid Battery. The melt blown web provides a barrier impervious to bacteria and other contaminantsCarrara White Marble/Bathroom Accessories/White Marble Vase.China Gift Items Ceramic 350ml Christmas Mug Breakfast Milk Cup Decal MugNew Fashion Plush Rabbit Eye Mask Cute Sleeping Blindfold Eye Cover Dr-10.
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New Exhibition Good Quality Election Campaign T-Shirts.Low Cost Prefabricated Building Design Steel Structure Worshop for Storage.Chinses Traditonal Story Coloring Book and Story Reading Book/m22000W 12V/24V DC Pure Sine Wave Power Inverter with Charger(PTFE) film with 0.Potassium Chloride Sustained Release Pellet Capsules Factory for OEM Service/m2Facial Analysis System All-in-One Facial Skin Analyzer/m2. Polypropylene is having a moisture regain of 0%2ml 3ml 4ml 5ml 8ml 10ml 15ml 18ml 20ml Plastic Spray Bottles with Spray Cap for Perfume. Hence polypropylene is selected as outer layer for the surgical gown. Polyester is having a moisture regain of 0.4% which helps in absorption of sweat when used for longer duration. Titanium dioxide nanoparticle has photocatalytic action and singlet oxygen is produced by methelene blue.
Preparation of Titanium Nano composite dispersion
The Titanium tetra chloride (TiCl4) was used as a starting material in this synthesis. 50 ml of TiCl4 was slowly added to 200 ml of distilled water in an ice cool bath. The beaker was taken from the ice bath to room temperature. The beaker was kept in magnetic stirrer to get a homogeneous solution. Bath temperature was raised to 170°C and kept in the same temperature till the process of nano particle formation was completed. In another vessel 30 grams of urea was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water. From the vessel 160 ml of urea solution was added to beaker under constant stirring. The solution turned into white colloid without any precipitation. 25 grams of Methylene blue was added to the titanium nano particles.
Characterisation of Titanium dioxide Nano composite dispersion
The characterisation of the nano particle was done using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) model JEOL JEM 2100. The HRTEM confirms the average size of nano particles.
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A 5×5mm swatch was cut from the nonwoven felt. Then the swatch was cut cross sectionally to reduce the thickness of the swatch so that it can be easily mounted on the slide. The surface image of the swatch was taken through the microscope at 400× magnification. Then the area between the entangled fibers was found by software calibrated at 400× magnifications. The average area of 100 readings was determined.
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Medical Electric Oscillating Saw Surgical Electric Orthopedic Power Hand Tool. The nano finished sample was mounted on the specimen stub with double sided adhesive tape and coated with gold in a sputter coater and examined in a Scanning Electron Microscope using Jeol model JSM 6360.
Evaluation of Trilaminate surgical gown Viral penetration test
To investigate the antiviral property, viral testing of surgical gown using ASTM F1671 was carried out.High Precision Flying Fiber Laser Marking System with Conveyor Device. The test system has been designed for measuring penetration of surrogate microbe for hepatitis (B and C) and the Human Immunodeficiency viruses HIV. The surrogate Phi-600*600mmbathroom Polished Ceramic Floor Tiles Spanish Tile Price.
Tensile and tearing strength
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Hydrostatic resistance test
Overfilled Microplush Super Soft Mattress Protector. One surface of the test specimen was subjected to a hydrostatic pressure, increasing at a constant rate, until three points of leakage appeared on its other surface.
Index puncture resistance test
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Results
Characterization of Titanium dioxide nano composite dispersion using HRTEM
The morphology of TiO2 nanoparticle was revealed using HRTEM image shown in Saw Palmetto Powder Extract. The average nano particle size was determined using simple image processing algorithm. The average diameter of the nano particle is 9 nm.
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TEM image of TiO2Nano Particle
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Evaluation of trilaminate surgical gown
TheSg300sde Sutomatic Stand up Resealable Pouch Filling Packing Machineshows the result of various evaluations conducted on the single layer and trilaminate surgical gown.2019 New Design Gift Box Connectable LED String Light, which confirms that the gown has protection against the hepatitis (B and C), Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and surrogate Phi-X174 bacteriophage.Plastic Bottle Maker Pet Automatic Blow Molding Machine (With CE). The film is micro porous which influences breathability as well as provides additional protection against viruses.Winter Warm Bedroom Slide Slipper for Women Fur Slippers.Automatic Round Carbon Steel Rod Pipe Peeling Machine/ CNC Centerless Lathe.5 in 1 Swing Heat Press Machine (CAP, PLATE, MUG, T-SHIRT) Sublimation Transfer. The polypropylene and polyester fibre were laid in the machine direction during extrusion, so that fibre strength in the tensile direction is more as compared to the strength in cross direction.Lithium Li-Polymer Battery 3.7V 200mAh Lipo Battery 461730 with UL/IEC62133/Kc Certificate. The hydrostatic resistance test reports show the result as 2930 mmwc which confirms the grade Level 2 protection.Car Seat Cover Universal Size Polyester Seat Cover Ad023.8 N.Men Winter Fleece Inner Jacket Waterproof Workwear with Hood.7 g/m2/day which also confirms the gown requirements.Sinotruk Heavy Truck Spare Part - Wg2203250003 Double H Valve.
Table 1
Results of various parameters of single layer versus Trilaminate surgical gown
Parameter (Unit) | Standard | Single layer gown | Trilaminate gown |
Viral penetration test | ASTM F 1671 | Fail | Pass |
Tensile strength (N) | ASTM D 5034: 2009 | ||
Machine direction | 130 | 145 | |
Cross direction | (Grab) | 86 | 94 |
Tearing strength | 7 | 10 | |
Direction I (Cross wise tear) | ASTM D 1424:2009 | ||
Direction II | 2 | 4 | |
Hydrostatic resistance (mmwc) | AATCC 127:2003 | 1850 | 2930 |
Index puncture resistance (N) | ASTM D 4833 | 46.5 | 58.8 |
Open Sliding Door Dumbwaiter Goods Elevator Car Design (g/m2/day) | ASTM E 96 | 634.3 | 585.7 |
Discussion
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Only 2% hospital waste is contributed by disposable gowns. As the reusable gowns are to be washed the hospital or external laundries drain contaminated wash water which is much hazardorous. The major advantage of this single use trilaminate surgical gown is that it is in compliance with global standards.
Conclusion
The conventional reusable textiles do not comply with the global standards. The trilaminate surgical gowns have consistency in use as they are always new and clean. Hence there is no need of Compromise during laundering.
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Results of Tensile, tearing and index puncture resistance of Single layer Vs trilaminate gown
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References
Articles fromLarge Size Cold Storage for Vegetables Processing and Storageare provided here courtesy ofMakerere University Medical School