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Abstract
Background
Gel Battery 12V 150ah DC 12V 100% Solar Air Conditioner' uniforms including surgical gowns are used as barriers to eliminate the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses in the patient population is very common.
Objectives
To develop antiviral surgical gown comprising of Polypropylene nonwoven as outer layer, Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE)Medical Psa Oxygen Plant Cylinder Filling System for Hospital/m2.
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The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano dispersion was prepared with methylene blue and urea as a reacting medium. These nano particles have an average size of 9 nm which was revealed by High resolution transmission electron microscope.Yvonne Brazilian Human Virgin Hair Lace Frontal 13.5*4 Malaysian Curl.Skrg_850 HDPE Large Diameter Spiral Pipe Production Line-dry-Round DOT Wholesale Horse Stall Mat Equine Rubber Tile Cow Rubber Flooring Mats for Animal Stable.Professional Electric Hair Trimmer Accessories Retro Push-Shear Shell.
Results
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Conclusions
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Introduction
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Usually clothing is a product that is used by only one enduser, the wearer. However patient gowns are unique because they have two types of endusers - the patients and the caregivers120dB Germany Personal Alarm Anti Rape Anti Panic Alarm with Belt Keyring. The Hospital Association says that while the average visit to a community hospital has become shorter due to an aging population,Manufacturers Promotional Blank Dog Tag Bone Stainless Steel Metal.Factory Direct Supply Use in Biomass Pellet Plant Wood Pellet Cooler29m 33m China High Quality 3 Arms R Folding Sections Self-Climbing Concrete Placing Boom. Materials used in surgical gowns should function as protective barriers against the transfer of micro-organisms, particulates and fluids to minimize penetration and the potential for personnel contaminationFiberglass Grating Floor Walkway for Industry Platform.
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Preparation of Titanium Nano composite dispersion
The Titanium tetra chloride (TiCl4) was used as a starting material in this synthesis. 50 ml of TiCl4 was slowly added to 200 ml of distilled water in an ice cool bath. The beaker was taken from the ice bath to room temperature. The beaker was kept in magnetic stirrer to get a homogeneous solution. Bath temperature was raised to 170°C and kept in the same temperature till the process of nano particle formation was completed. In another vessel 30 grams of urea was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water. From the vessel 160 ml of urea solution was added to beaker under constant stirring. The solution turned into white colloid without any precipitation. 25 grams of Methylene blue was added to the titanium nano particles.
Characterisation of Titanium dioxide Nano composite dispersion
The characterisation of the nano particle was done using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) model JEOL JEM 2100. The HRTEM confirms the average size of nano particles.
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A 5×5mm swatch was cut from the nonwoven felt. Then the swatch was cut cross sectionally to reduce the thickness of the swatch so that it can be easily mounted on the slide. The surface image of the swatch was taken through the microscope at 400× magnification. Then the area between the entangled fibers was found by software calibrated at 400× magnifications. The average area of 100 readings was determined.
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Evaluation of Trilaminate surgical gown Viral penetration test
To investigate the antiviral property, viral testing of surgical gown using ASTM F1671 was carried out.Wld9000au Australia Standard Auto Maintenance for Car Paint Booth. The test system has been designed for measuring penetration of surrogate microbe for hepatitis (B and C) and the Human Immunodeficiency viruses HIV. The surrogate Phi-Wholesale 700c Cheap Road Bike Steel Frame OEM Adult Bicycle Road Bicycle.
Tensile and tearing strength
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Hydrostatic resistance test
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Index puncture resistance test
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Results
Characterization of Titanium dioxide nano composite dispersion using HRTEM
The morphology of TiO2 nanoparticle was revealed using HRTEM image shown inAbove 99.2% Industrial Grade Fine-Grained Crystalline Sodium Carbonate Dense 99.2% Soda Ash Dense. The average nano particle size was determined using simple image processing algorithm. The average diameter of the nano particle is 9 nm.
TEM image of TiO2Nano Particle
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Evaluation of trilaminate surgical gown
TheFashion Designer Bag Women′s and Girl′s Beautiful PU Leather Backpackshows the result of various evaluations conducted on the single layer and trilaminate surgical gown.Used for Office and School BOPP Acrylic Stationery Tape, which confirms that the gown has protection against the hepatitis (B and C), Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and surrogate Phi-X174 bacteriophage.Abstract 2019 New Design (DSC_4597) Handmade Oil Painting Wall Decorative Art. The film is micro porous which influences breathability as well as provides additional protection against viruses.Suction Blast Cabinet, Abrasive Blast Cabinet for Rust Removing.High Speed C U L Omega Shape Metal Furring Channel Roll Forming Machine.63mm Coloured PVC Pipe 1m Furniture Grade Blue Red Black Green Yellow White. The polypropylene and polyester fibre were laid in the machine direction during extrusion, so that fibre strength in the tensile direction is more as compared to the strength in cross direction.Frameless Sliding Shower Enclosure in Bathroom with 8mm Clear Glass and Stainless Steel Hardware. The hydrostatic resistance test reports show the result as 2930 mmwc which confirms the grade Level 2 protection.Huayao Super Quality White Self-Adhesive Pdlc Switchable/Smart Film.8 N.Customized Malleable Casting Iron Threaded Pipe Fitting Flange Cast Iron Flange.7 g/m2/day which also confirms the gown requirements.Newsun 800mm High Speed Slitting Machine for BOPP Pet PE PVC OPP Films.
Table 1
Results of various parameters of single layer versus Trilaminate surgical gown
| Parameter (Unit) | Standard | Single layer gown | Trilaminate gown |
| Viral penetration test | ASTM F 1671 | Fail | Pass |
| Tensile strength (N) | ASTM D 5034: 2009 | ||
| Machine direction | 130 | 145 | |
| Cross direction | (Grab) | 86 | 94 |
| Tearing strength | 7 | 10 | |
| Direction I (Cross wise tear) | ASTM D 1424:2009 | ||
| Direction II | 2 | 4 | |
| Hydrostatic resistance (mmwc) | AATCC 127:2003 | 1850 | 2930 |
| Index puncture resistance (N) | ASTM D 4833 | 46.5 | 58.8 |
| Construction Material Regular Spangle CRC Galvanized Steel Roofing Gi Sheet (g/m2/day) | ASTM E 96 | 634.3 | 585.7 |
Discussion
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Only 2% hospital waste is contributed by disposable gowns. As the reusable gowns are to be washed the hospital or external laundries drain contaminated wash water which is much hazardorous. The major advantage of this single use trilaminate surgical gown is that it is in compliance with global standards.
Conclusion
The conventional reusable textiles do not comply with the global standards. The trilaminate surgical gowns have consistency in use as they are always new and clean. Hence there is no need of Compromise during laundering.
Results of Tensile, tearing and index puncture resistance of Single layer Vs trilaminate gown
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References
Articles fromSintered Turbo Diamond Saw Blade for Title Granite Marble Cuttingare provided here courtesy ofMakerere University Medical School
