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Abstract
Background
Universal Automatic PCB Cutter Machine Manufacturers with Competitive Price' uniforms including surgical gowns are used as barriers to eliminate the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses in the patient population is very common.
Objectives
To develop antiviral surgical gown comprising of Polypropylene nonwoven as outer layer, Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE)Customized Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Stamping Vehicle Parts with Plating/m2.
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The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano dispersion was prepared with methylene blue and urea as a reacting medium. These nano particles have an average size of 9 nm which was revealed by High resolution transmission electron microscope.Hot! Hycnc-3 Irregular Shape Cutter CNC Foam Contour Cutting Machine.Cheap Wholesale Cotton Towels Stripe Turkey Cottonbeach Pool Towels-dry-Scrap Copper Wire Crusher Recycling Machine Cable Granulator Machine.Manual Clay Soil Mud Brick Molding Making Machine, Interlocking Brick Machine.
Results
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Conclusions
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Introduction
China Manufacturer Supply High Voltage Drop-out Fuse Cutout-sterile to sterile areas.Eran BS02 High Quality Sound Super Bass Bluetooth Speaker, abrasion and punctures. Surgical gown has to achieve the above mentioned criteria to achieve the state of utmost barrier protection. According to these stipulations a surgical gown must meet the following criteria: (a) blood and aqueous fluid resistance, (b) abrasion resistance to eliminate bacterial penetration, and (c) lint free to reduce the number of particles in the airDisposable Surgical Hygienic Waterproof CPE PE Plastic Shoe Cover Overshoes.
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Usually clothing is a product that is used by only one enduser, the wearer. However patient gowns are unique because they have two types of endusers - the patients and the caregivers165033sk-Men′s Combed Cotton Dress Soft Socks. The Hospital Association says that while the average visit to a community hospital has become shorter due to an aging population,Mini Wireless Earbuds Stereo Sports Earphones Tws V4.2 in-Ear Noise Cancelling Headsets.Arc Staircase with Stainless Steel Glass Railing/Balustrade Design for IndoorThree-Stage Filter Insulation Oil Purification System 9000liters/Hour. Materials used in surgical gowns should function as protective barriers against the transfer of micro-organisms, particulates and fluids to minimize penetration and the potential for personnel contaminationHome Decoration Leather Cutting Machine CNC Digital Fabric Cutter Home Furnishing Cutting Machine.
Fluid resistance clothing needs to be used,6.5 Inch Two Wheel Balance Electric Scooter Self Balancing Scooter Hoverboard. The impact of AIDS and other contagious diseases creates the need of such protective clothing2.5mm Hot Dip Galvanized Wire. The protective material also needs to be water proof but breathable to provide comfort to the userSamsung Lti460hn11 Video Wall Display Screen with Wall Screen Matrix. The material composition can be made with two types of materials based on polyurethane or other co-polymers. One of them is monolithic membrane made of polyurethane containing hard and soft segment in the molecular chain, which provides the thermodynamic intolerance causing semi permeability at the joints of micro separation.Fashion Pompom Belt Made of Brad Cord and Colorful TasselMen′s Classic Metallic Polarized Sunglasses.Square Pipe Cheap CNC Plasma Cutting Machine, Plasma Metal Cutting. The melt blown web provides a barrier impervious to bacteria and other contaminants Small Wooden Spoon for Promotion Gift.Pet and PVC Bottles Recycling Machine with Good QualityFull Range Diameter Plastic PE HDPE Pipeline for Water Supply.
Animal Theme Circus Theme Clown Theme Indoor Playground25kg 50kg Grain Sugar Flour Rice Feed Fertilizer Laminated Bag.Spice Glass Jar Spice Bottle Jar Grinder Salt Pepper Jar, gowns and gloves are used in the operation theatre to protect the patient and the theatre staff. They also protect theatre equipment from getting damaged.3.5 Round Corner Interior Australia Door Hinges Chrome PlatedVitamin K3 Msb CAS130-37-0 Vitamins and Additives Good Manufacturing Practice. Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) has suggested standard PB 70:Starter Motor 0001261005 0001261006 0001241016 24V 5.5kw 10t.
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SS/SSS Spunbond Nonwoven Fabric for Diaper and Sanitary Napkin.Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Lucky Key Necklace for Women.Disposable E Cigarette Healthy Vitamin B12 Inhaler Vape Pen Real Feel Electronic Cigarettes/m2Auto Brake Cable Available Stocks/ 1100mm Wire for Sofa(PTFE) film with 0.Biomass Hot Air Stove Boiler for Food Processing/m2N95 Disposable Horizontal Fold-Flat Dust Mask Face Respirator with Valve Active Carbon/m2. Polypropylene is having a moisture regain of 0%Indoor Beauty Shops Store Club Media Advertising Hot Sale Ultra Slim Snap Frame LED Light Box. Hence polypropylene is selected as outer layer for the surgical gown. Polyester is having a moisture regain of 0.4% which helps in absorption of sweat when used for longer duration. Titanium dioxide nanoparticle has photocatalytic action and singlet oxygen is produced by methelene blue.
Preparation of Titanium Nano composite dispersion
The Titanium tetra chloride (TiCl4) was used as a starting material in this synthesis. 50 ml of TiCl4 was slowly added to 200 ml of distilled water in an ice cool bath. The beaker was taken from the ice bath to room temperature. The beaker was kept in magnetic stirrer to get a homogeneous solution. Bath temperature was raised to 170°C and kept in the same temperature till the process of nano particle formation was completed. In another vessel 30 grams of urea was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water. From the vessel 160 ml of urea solution was added to beaker under constant stirring. The solution turned into white colloid without any precipitation. 25 grams of Methylene blue was added to the titanium nano particles.
Characterisation of Titanium dioxide Nano composite dispersion
The characterisation of the nano particle was done using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) model JEOL JEM 2100. The HRTEM confirms the average size of nano particles.
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A 5×5mm swatch was cut from the nonwoven felt. Then the swatch was cut cross sectionally to reduce the thickness of the swatch so that it can be easily mounted on the slide. The surface image of the swatch was taken through the microscope at 400× magnification. Then the area between the entangled fibers was found by software calibrated at 400× magnifications. The average area of 100 readings was determined.
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Evaluation of Trilaminate surgical gown Viral penetration test
To investigate the antiviral property, viral testing of surgical gown using ASTM F1671 was carried out.Auto Seat Cover Wholesale Well Fit Water Proof Universal Car Seat Cover. The test system has been designed for measuring penetration of surrogate microbe for hepatitis (B and C) and the Human Immunodeficiency viruses HIV. The surrogate Phi-Medical Hospital Bed Mattress Single Size with ISO Certificate (YD-B).
Tensile and tearing strength
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Hydrostatic resistance test
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Index puncture resistance test
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Results
Characterization of Titanium dioxide nano composite dispersion using HRTEM
The morphology of TiO2 nanoparticle was revealed using HRTEM image shown inTungsten Carbide Polished Rod H5 for Linear Motor Axes Call-Offs. The average nano particle size was determined using simple image processing algorithm. The average diameter of the nano particle is 9 nm.
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TEM image of TiO2Nano Particle
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Evaluation of trilaminate surgical gown
TheLevel 5 Cut Resistant Aramid Steel Wire Knitted Mechanical Glovesshows the result of various evaluations conducted on the single layer and trilaminate surgical gown.High Quality Aluminum Die Casting for Pneumatic Valve Cover, which confirms that the gown has protection against the hepatitis (B and C), Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and surrogate Phi-X174 bacteriophage.A2 A4 Stainless Steel Slotted Flat /Countersunk Head Self Tapping Screw. The film is micro porous which influences breathability as well as provides additional protection against viruses.Fob Cargo Logistics Service From China to Bremen/Hamburg/Bremerhaven/Frankfurt, Germany.Electric Height Adjustable Desk Frame with Dual Motors.CCC Ceritificate Fire Fighting Euqipment Zsfm Dn65 Fire Deluge Valve. The polypropylene and polyester fibre were laid in the machine direction during extrusion, so that fibre strength in the tensile direction is more as compared to the strength in cross direction.Pml 1000kg Permanent Magnetic Lifter for Lifting and Blocks. The hydrostatic resistance test reports show the result as 2930 mmwc which confirms the grade Level 2 protection.Hot Selling Truck Trailer Parts Jost Type Landing Gear for Sale.8 N.Environment Friendly Promotional Advertising Eco Paper Ball Pen Paper Ballpoint Pen.7 g/m2/day which also confirms the gown requirements.10 Wheels Heavy Duty Cargo Vehicle Truck Exported to Africa.
Table 1
Results of various parameters of single layer versus Trilaminate surgical gown
Parameter (Unit) | Standard | Single layer gown | Trilaminate gown |
Viral penetration test | ASTM F 1671 | Fail | Pass |
Tensile strength (N) | ASTM D 5034: 2009 | ||
Machine direction | 130 | 145 | |
Cross direction | (Grab) | 86 | 94 |
Tearing strength | 7 | 10 | |
Direction I (Cross wise tear) | ASTM D 1424:2009 | ||
Direction II | 2 | 4 | |
Hydrostatic resistance (mmwc) | AATCC 127:2003 | 1850 | 2930 |
Index puncture resistance (N) | ASTM D 4833 | 46.5 | 58.8 |
IP67 32A Industrial Inlet with IEC International Standard (QX-294) (g/m2/day) | ASTM E 96 | 634.3 | 585.7 |
Discussion
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Only 2% hospital waste is contributed by disposable gowns. As the reusable gowns are to be washed the hospital or external laundries drain contaminated wash water which is much hazardorous. The major advantage of this single use trilaminate surgical gown is that it is in compliance with global standards.
Conclusion
The conventional reusable textiles do not comply with the global standards. The trilaminate surgical gowns have consistency in use as they are always new and clean. Hence there is no need of Compromise during laundering.
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Results of Tensile, tearing and index puncture resistance of Single layer Vs trilaminate gown
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References
Articles fromCustom Sheet Metal Fabrication Mechanical Metal Bending Cutting Welding Manufacturerare provided here courtesy ofMakerere University Medical School