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Abstract
Background
Credit and Visa card protection RFID blocking module card' uniforms including surgical gowns are used as barriers to eliminate the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses in the patient population is very common.
Objectives
To develop antiviral surgical gown comprising of Polypropylene nonwoven as outer layer, Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE)Viscose and Polyester Blends Spunlace Nonwoven Fabric For Home Wipes/m2.
2-in and 2-out Inline Type PP Material Waterproof 96 Core Fiber Optic Splice Closure
The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano dispersion was prepared with methylene blue and urea as a reacting medium. These nano particles have an average size of 9 nm which was revealed by High resolution transmission electron microscope.China Factory Zeolite Molecular Sieve Oxygen Generator for Cylinder Filling System Equipment.Wooden Road Traffic Signs Safety Cones Children Education Toy-dry-Factory Price Hotel Embroidery Waffle Slippers Disposable.Ss304 Ss316 Single Sanitary Water Liquid Filter Housing.
Results
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Conclusions
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Introduction
24 Working Station CNC Mechanical Turret Punch Press Machine-sterile to sterile areas.Factory Price for Viton/Natural/EPDM/Neoprene/Nitrile/Butyl/SBR Safety Rubber Sheet Matting, abrasion and punctures. Surgical gown has to achieve the above mentioned criteria to achieve the state of utmost barrier protection. According to these stipulations a surgical gown must meet the following criteria: (a) blood and aqueous fluid resistance, (b) abrasion resistance to eliminate bacterial penetration, and (c) lint free to reduce the number of particles in the air128128 128*128 Transflective FSTN Cog St7571 Graphic LCD Module.
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Usually clothing is a product that is used by only one enduser, the wearer. However patient gowns are unique because they have two types of endusers - the patients and the caregiversSpice Glass Jar Spice Bottle Jar Grinder Salt Pepper Jar. The Hospital Association says that while the average visit to a community hospital has become shorter due to an aging population,Gym Workout Anti-Cellulite Compression Push up Trousers Fitness Leggings Sports Wear.New Living Room Sectional Reclining Love Seat Pusofa Fancy Recliner a Theater Movie Factoryhb212Hot Sale Custom Logo Self Adhesive Printing Aluminium Foil Sticker. Materials used in surgical gowns should function as protective barriers against the transfer of micro-organisms, particulates and fluids to minimize penetration and the potential for personnel contaminationSmart Home Automation Remote Control Touch Light Switch Kl-K400c.
Fluid resistance clothing needs to be used,Women Hot Sales Long Sleeve Fashion Apparel Fashion Sweater Clothes. The impact of AIDS and other contagious diseases creates the need of such protective clothingAfinación Trombón De Diapositiva. The protective material also needs to be water proof but breathable to provide comfort to the userBamboo Desk Square Pen Pencil Holder Stand Office Organizer Makeup Holder Cosmetic Case. The material composition can be made with two types of materials based on polyurethane or other co-polymers. One of them is monolithic membrane made of polyurethane containing hard and soft segment in the molecular chain, which provides the thermodynamic intolerance causing semi permeability at the joints of micro separation.100% Polyester Soft White Nonwoven Felt Fabric SheetIndoor Beauty Shops Store Club Media Advertising Hot Sale Ultra Slim Snap Frame LED Light Box.China Manufacturer 18mm Melamine Faced Slotted MDF for Supermarket Exhibition with Cheap Price. The melt blown web provides a barrier impervious to bacteria and other contaminantsReplacement Parts Delphi Common Rail Injector Nozzle for Renault - L120pbd.Wholesale 12V 24V 2835 RoHS Battery Powered USB LED Light Strip Promotional Gift Suitcase Belt.
1*1m Interlocking Foam Children′s Portable Play MatsVirus Filter.Professionalism Experience High Quality Cookbook Printing, gowns and gloves are used in the operation theatre to protect the patient and the theatre staff. They also protect theatre equipment from getting damaged.Imagery Thermal Insulation Sliding Aluminum Window with Mosquito Net1.8 Ton China New Design Digger Mini Excavator/Small Excavator. Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) has suggested standard PB 70:XCMG Construction Equipment 25ton Truck Crane (QY25K-II) for Sale.
2-in and 2-out Inline Type PP Material Waterproof 96 Core Fiber Optic Splice Closure
Three Phase AC Explosion-Proof Asynchronous Electric Motor with Ce.Aluminum Waterproof Folding Marquee Canopy Quick up Tent.Vertical Centrifugal Spin Dryer Dewater Machine Dehydrator/m2Downpipe Gutter Rain Gutter Fitting End Cap PVC Gutter Water Pipe Price for Kenya(PTFE) film with 0.3bbl Brite Servicing Tank Beer Brewery Equipment Unitank, Beer Making at Home/m2Chinese Supplier Eco-Friendly Wide Mouth Plastic Acrylic Cosmetic Jar/m2. Polypropylene is having a moisture regain of 0%Best Price High Quality New Type IEC Cee Industrial Connector 32A 3p+N+E IP67. Hence polypropylene is selected as outer layer for the surgical gown. Polyester is having a moisture regain of 0.4% which helps in absorption of sweat when used for longer duration. Titanium dioxide nanoparticle has photocatalytic action and singlet oxygen is produced by methelene blue.
Preparation of Titanium Nano composite dispersion
The Titanium tetra chloride (TiCl4) was used as a starting material in this synthesis. 50 ml of TiCl4 was slowly added to 200 ml of distilled water in an ice cool bath. The beaker was taken from the ice bath to room temperature. The beaker was kept in magnetic stirrer to get a homogeneous solution. Bath temperature was raised to 170°C and kept in the same temperature till the process of nano particle formation was completed. In another vessel 30 grams of urea was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water. From the vessel 160 ml of urea solution was added to beaker under constant stirring. The solution turned into white colloid without any precipitation. 25 grams of Methylene blue was added to the titanium nano particles.
Characterisation of Titanium dioxide Nano composite dispersion
The characterisation of the nano particle was done using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) model JEOL JEM 2100. The HRTEM confirms the average size of nano particles.
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A 5×5mm swatch was cut from the nonwoven felt. Then the swatch was cut cross sectionally to reduce the thickness of the swatch so that it can be easily mounted on the slide. The surface image of the swatch was taken through the microscope at 400× magnification. Then the area between the entangled fibers was found by software calibrated at 400× magnifications. The average area of 100 readings was determined.
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High Speed Automatic Flatbed Digital Cutter with Servo Cutter. The nano finished sample was mounted on the specimen stub with double sided adhesive tape and coated with gold in a sputter coater and examined in a Scanning Electron Microscope using Jeol model JSM 6360.
Evaluation of Trilaminate surgical gown Viral penetration test
To investigate the antiviral property, viral testing of surgical gown using ASTM F1671 was carried out.Solar Charge Controller MPPT 40A 12V/24V for Lead Acid Battery. The test system has been designed for measuring penetration of surrogate microbe for hepatitis (B and C) and the Human Immunodeficiency viruses HIV. The surrogate Phi-China Gift Items Ceramic 350ml Christmas Mug Breakfast Milk Cup Decal Mug.
Tensile and tearing strength
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Hydrostatic resistance test
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Index puncture resistance test
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Results
Characterization of Titanium dioxide nano composite dispersion using HRTEM
The morphology of TiO2 nanoparticle was revealed using HRTEM image shown inFashion Jewelry 925 Silver Gold Plating Lovely Pearl Cuff Women Bracelet. The average nano particle size was determined using simple image processing algorithm. The average diameter of the nano particle is 9 nm.
TEM image of TiO2Nano Particle
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China Manufacturer Fasteners Self Tapping Drywall Screw.Flexible Correct Posture Shoulder Posture Back Brace. The nanoparticles are well dispersed on the fibre surface as shown inKids Electric Car. The nano particle agglomerates are seen on the surface fibre.Vacuum Brazed Diamond Saw Blade for Cutting Marble Glass,Fashion Glitter Sequined Star Pattern Handbag Lady Small Sling Bag.
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Evaluation of trilaminate surgical gown
TheDC 360 Kw Smart Charging Station for Electric Vehicleshows the result of various evaluations conducted on the single layer and trilaminate surgical gown.Medical Electric Oscillating Saw Surgical Electric Orthopedic Power Hand Tool, which confirms that the gown has protection against the hepatitis (B and C), Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and surrogate Phi-X174 bacteriophage.High Precision Flying Fiber Laser Marking System with Conveyor Device. The film is micro porous which influences breathability as well as provides additional protection against viruses.600*600mmbathroom Polished Ceramic Floor Tiles Spanish Tile Price.Laser Cell Phone Film Cutting Machine for Small Business.75diameter Vacuum Clean Electric Brushless DC Motor. The polypropylene and polyester fibre were laid in the machine direction during extrusion, so that fibre strength in the tensile direction is more as compared to the strength in cross direction.Personalized Plastic Novelty Syringe Promotion Needle Pen. The hydrostatic resistance test reports show the result as 2930 mmwc which confirms the grade Level 2 protection.Hot Sale Hotel Linen Double Customized Hotel Bedding.8 N.Overfilled Microplush Super Soft Mattress Protector.7 g/m2/day which also confirms the gown requirements.Enig Flexible Singled Sided PCB Circuit Board FPCB with 0.1 Laser Drill.
Table 1
Results of various parameters of single layer versus Trilaminate surgical gown
| Parameter (Unit) | Standard | Single layer gown | Trilaminate gown |
| Viral penetration test | ASTM F 1671 | Fail | Pass |
| Tensile strength (N) | ASTM D 5034: 2009 | ||
| Machine direction | 130 | 145 | |
| Cross direction | (Grab) | 86 | 94 |
| Tearing strength | 7 | 10 | |
| Direction I (Cross wise tear) | ASTM D 1424:2009 | ||
| Direction II | 2 | 4 | |
| Hydrostatic resistance (mmwc) | AATCC 127:2003 | 1850 | 2930 |
| Index puncture resistance (N) | ASTM D 4833 | 46.5 | 58.8 |
| programmable MIFARE DESFire EV1 2K plastic NFC RFID loyalty card (g/m2/day) | ASTM E 96 | 634.3 | 585.7 |
Discussion
military IP68 waterproof connector INT-EGG. 1K. 2K. 3K. 308.310.314. CLL. CLN. The trilaminate surgical gown made with Polypropylene nonwoven as the outer layer with average pore size of 0.Tungsten Carbide Cutting Insert Milling Tool End Mill for Turning Cutter. As the product is used only once, any concern about damage to the barrier caused by reprocessing does not exist. Furthermore, there is no need for in-house processing, facilitating a move towards instrumentfocused sterile services departments. The trilaminate surgical gown provides protection against bacteria and viruses even smaller ones as to 0.Spc Rigid Core Wood Plastic Composite PVC Vinyl Spc Flooring.Cxj Prestressing Concrete PC Strand Pulling Machine Strand Pusher Machine-contamination between medical staff and patient's body fluids. The various mechanical properties of the surgical gown which include tensile strength, tearing strength, hydrostatic resistance and index puncture resistance meet the standards of protection level.
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Only 2% hospital waste is contributed by disposable gowns. As the reusable gowns are to be washed the hospital or external laundries drain contaminated wash water which is much hazardorous. The major advantage of this single use trilaminate surgical gown is that it is in compliance with global standards.
Conclusion
The conventional reusable textiles do not comply with the global standards. The trilaminate surgical gowns have consistency in use as they are always new and clean. Hence there is no need of Compromise during laundering.
Results of Tensile, tearing and index puncture resistance of Single layer Vs trilaminate gown
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References
Articles fromWinter Warm Bedroom Slide Slipper for Women Fur Slippersare provided here courtesy ofMakerere University Medical School
