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Abstract
Background
J2400f/Civilian Spinning Grade Nylon 6/Polyamide Granules/Pellets/Chips/PA6 Raw Material/Nylon6/PA6' uniforms including surgical gowns are used as barriers to eliminate the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses in the patient population is very common.
Objectives
To develop antiviral surgical gown comprising of Polypropylene nonwoven as outer layer, Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE)Activated Alumina Used for Catalyst Carrier in Chemical Industry/m2.
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The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano dispersion was prepared with methylene blue and urea as a reacting medium. These nano particles have an average size of 9 nm which was revealed by High resolution transmission electron microscope.SPCC Secc SGCC Stainless Steel Aluminum Sheet Metal Housing.Low Price CNC Wood Furniture Carving Router, CNC Router Machine-dry-Automotive Bumper Interior&Exterior Plastic Injection Mold Mould Molding.Mini Rubber Mixing Mills Banbury Dispersion Kneaders Machine for Laboratory.
Results
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Conclusions
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Introduction
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Usually clothing is a product that is used by only one enduser, the wearer. However patient gowns are unique because they have two types of endusers - the patients and the caregivers230X280mm White Aluminum Oxide Sand Paper for Stainless Steel. The Hospital Association says that while the average visit to a community hospital has become shorter due to an aging population,Wholesale China Custom Logo Water Resistant Wrist Quartz Digital Sport Smart Watch for Man.Pure white plastic access panel PVC material AP7611360mAh Battery Pod System Veiik Airo Kit Electronic Cigarette. Materials used in surgical gowns should function as protective barriers against the transfer of micro-organisms, particulates and fluids to minimize penetration and the potential for personnel contaminationCustomized Pecision Hardware Stainless Steel CNC Sewing Machine Parts.
Fluid resistance clothing needs to be used,Urea Fertilizer Milling Machine for Fertilizer Production Crushing. The impact of AIDS and other contagious diseases creates the need of such protective clothingBottle Capping Machine Manufacturer. The protective material also needs to be water proof but breathable to provide comfort to the userCordless Phone Hands-Free Function Handset Telephone Parts Plastic Mould. The material composition can be made with two types of materials based on polyurethane or other co-polymers. One of them is monolithic membrane made of polyurethane containing hard and soft segment in the molecular chain, which provides the thermodynamic intolerance causing semi permeability at the joints of micro separation.LiFePO4 12V 75ah Lithium Ion Battery for Electric Bicycle MotorcyclesAgriculture Plant Protection Uav 30L Drones Professional Uav Crop Sprayer Auto Fly Agriculture.China Supplier Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer PCE Liquid Sodium. The melt blown web provides a barrier impervious to bacteria and other contaminants2018 Coconut Charcoal Teeth Whitening Kit Activated Charcoal Powder.Aluminum Flexible Duct Pipe Making Machine, Production Line 3Multifunction Customized Microwave Vacuum Tray Drying Cabinet for Agricultural Products.
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Nonwoven Glassfibre Laid Scrim for Automotives - Reinforcements for Sound Absorption Elements.Disposable Laparoscopic Trocar with Multiple Surgical Instruments.Gold Anodizing Aluminium 6061 Precision CNC Turning Parts/CNC Lathe Parts/m21X8 HDMI Splitter Over Single Cat5e/6 Cable, up to 50m with IR(PTFE) film with 0.2019 Latest Designs 120GSM Luxury Quality Bed in a Bag Comforter Set/m2Tower Crane Anchor Anchorage Frame with High Quality/m2. Polypropylene is having a moisture regain of 0%National Defense Iron Barbed Wire Fence Making Machine. Hence polypropylene is selected as outer layer for the surgical gown. Polyester is having a moisture regain of 0.4% which helps in absorption of sweat when used for longer duration. Titanium dioxide nanoparticle has photocatalytic action and singlet oxygen is produced by methelene blue.
Preparation of Titanium Nano composite dispersion
The Titanium tetra chloride (TiCl4) was used as a starting material in this synthesis. 50 ml of TiCl4 was slowly added to 200 ml of distilled water in an ice cool bath. The beaker was taken from the ice bath to room temperature. The beaker was kept in magnetic stirrer to get a homogeneous solution. Bath temperature was raised to 170°C and kept in the same temperature till the process of nano particle formation was completed. In another vessel 30 grams of urea was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water. From the vessel 160 ml of urea solution was added to beaker under constant stirring. The solution turned into white colloid without any precipitation. 25 grams of Methylene blue was added to the titanium nano particles.
Characterisation of Titanium dioxide Nano composite dispersion
The characterisation of the nano particle was done using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) model JEOL JEM 2100. The HRTEM confirms the average size of nano particles.
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A 5×5mm swatch was cut from the nonwoven felt. Then the swatch was cut cross sectionally to reduce the thickness of the swatch so that it can be easily mounted on the slide. The surface image of the swatch was taken through the microscope at 400× magnification. Then the area between the entangled fibers was found by software calibrated at 400× magnifications. The average area of 100 readings was determined.
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Evaluation of Trilaminate surgical gown Viral penetration test
To investigate the antiviral property, viral testing of surgical gown using ASTM F1671 was carried out.Ffw-718 Lucky Portable Wireless Fish Finder Locator with Fish Attractive Light Lamp. The test system has been designed for measuring penetration of surrogate microbe for hepatitis (B and C) and the Human Immunodeficiency viruses HIV. The surrogate Phi-30L Digital Ultrasonic Cleaner with Industrial Transducer for Valve Cleaning / Electroplating.
Tensile and tearing strength
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Hydrostatic resistance test
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Index puncture resistance test
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Results
Characterization of Titanium dioxide nano composite dispersion using HRTEM
The morphology of TiO2 nanoparticle was revealed using HRTEM image shown inFactory Direct Supply Peanut Harvester Machine for Sale. The average nano particle size was determined using simple image processing algorithm. The average diameter of the nano particle is 9 nm.
TEM image of TiO2Nano Particle
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Evaluation of trilaminate surgical gown
TheNew Design HD4-40 Semi-Automatic Block Paving Making Machineshows the result of various evaluations conducted on the single layer and trilaminate surgical gown.EPDM Membrance Tube Diffuser Nano Bubble Generator for Aeration System, which confirms that the gown has protection against the hepatitis (B and C), Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and surrogate Phi-X174 bacteriophage.25kg 50kg PP Woven Bag for Rice Sugar Fertilizer Cement Sand Packaging. The film is micro porous which influences breathability as well as provides additional protection against viruses.1212 1218 1224 1313 CNC Router 4 Axis/Automatic 3D Wood Carver Machine with DSP Controller.Metal Galvanized Wave Form Perforated Steel Strips.5in1 USB Type C Hub HDMI 4K USB C Hub to Ethernet RJ45 LAN Adapter. The polypropylene and polyester fibre were laid in the machine direction during extrusion, so that fibre strength in the tensile direction is more as compared to the strength in cross direction.Artificial Flower Silk Flower Herbaceous Peony Wedding Flower Artifical Flowers. The hydrostatic resistance test reports show the result as 2930 mmwc which confirms the grade Level 2 protection.Jiaheng brand single acting hydraulic cylinder for dump truck.8 N.Magplayer Educational Toy Colorful Magnetic Building Block 2D 3D Game for Kids.7 g/m2/day which also confirms the gown requirements.China Manufacturer 15mm/18mm 7 or 11 Grooves Slotted Melamine MDF for Shop Display Use.
Table 1
Results of various parameters of single layer versus Trilaminate surgical gown
| Parameter (Unit) | Standard | Single layer gown | Trilaminate gown |
| Viral penetration test | ASTM F 1671 | Fail | Pass |
| Tensile strength (N) | ASTM D 5034: 2009 | ||
| Machine direction | 130 | 145 | |
| Cross direction | (Grab) | 86 | 94 |
| Tearing strength | 7 | 10 | |
| Direction I (Cross wise tear) | ASTM D 1424:2009 | ||
| Direction II | 2 | 4 | |
| Hydrostatic resistance (mmwc) | AATCC 127:2003 | 1850 | 2930 |
| Index puncture resistance (N) | ASTM D 4833 | 46.5 | 58.8 |
| Root Vegetable Carrot Potato and Ginger Peanut Washer (g/m2/day) | ASTM E 96 | 634.3 | 585.7 |
Discussion
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USB Micro Cable+ 8 Pin Nylon Braided USB Charging Cord. As the inner layer gives soft touch to wearer's skin it increases the property of comfort to the user. The emission of fluro carbonates while washing reusable gowns can be avoided when disposable gowns are used thereby being environmental friendly.
Only 2% hospital waste is contributed by disposable gowns. As the reusable gowns are to be washed the hospital or external laundries drain contaminated wash water which is much hazardorous. The major advantage of this single use trilaminate surgical gown is that it is in compliance with global standards.
Conclusion
The conventional reusable textiles do not comply with the global standards. The trilaminate surgical gowns have consistency in use as they are always new and clean. Hence there is no need of Compromise during laundering.
Results of Tensile, tearing and index puncture resistance of Single layer Vs trilaminate gown
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References
Articles fromAvant Mini 1000kg Front End Telescopic Loader with Auger Post Hole Digger/Hammerare provided here courtesy ofMakerere University Medical School
