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Abstract

Background

Sg300sde Sutomatic Stand up Resealable Pouch Filling Packing Machine' uniforms including surgical gowns are used as barriers to eliminate the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses in the patient population is very common.

Objectives

To develop antiviral surgical gown comprising of Polypropylene nonwoven as outer layer, Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE)22t Automatic Wood Shredder Machine Log Splitter Firewood Processor/m2.

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The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano dispersion was prepared with methylene blue and urea as a reacting medium. These nano particles have an average size of 9 nm which was revealed by High resolution transmission electron microscope.Outdoor Steel Handle Adjustable Length Weightlifting Sports Skipping Jump Rope with Ball Bearing.Automatic Deep Fried Tortilla Chips Processing Line Machine-dry-China High Efficiency Longi Bi-Perc Double Glass Double Electric Mono Solar Panel 300W.Intelligent Heating Toillet Seat Cover with LED Light.

Results

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Conclusions

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Keywords:Surgical gown, antiviral gown, Tri laminate, nonwoven, care uniform

Introduction

PVC/Paper Lever Arch Clip File Folder with 2 Ring Binder / Presentation Folder-sterile to sterile areas.Full-Automatic Deep Drawing Hydraulic Press for Filter Cover, abrasion and punctures. Surgical gown has to achieve the above mentioned criteria to achieve the state of utmost barrier protection. According to these stipulations a surgical gown must meet the following criteria: (a) blood and aqueous fluid resistance, (b) abrasion resistance to eliminate bacterial penetration, and (c) lint free to reduce the number of particles in the airPowder Metallurgy Technology Integrated Solution for Medical Precision Metal Parts.

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Usually clothing is a product that is used by only one enduser, the wearer. However patient gowns are unique because they have two types of endusers - the patients and the caregiversBytcnc OEM Available Laser Engraving and Cutting System. The Hospital Association says that while the average visit to a community hospital has become shorter due to an aging population,Double Planet Mixing Machine Silicone Rubber Mixer Machinery.Multi Sensor Nilitary Surveillance Thermal Imaging Security cameraCartridge Dust Collector for Industrial Air Cleaning. Materials used in surgical gowns should function as protective barriers against the transfer of micro-organisms, particulates and fluids to minimize penetration and the potential for personnel contaminationRoller-Hearth Hardening and Tempering Furnace for Gas Cylinder.

Fluid resistance clothing needs to be used,High-Weight 120 GSM Fast Dry Sublimation Paper for Textile Printing. The impact of AIDS and other contagious diseases creates the need of such protective clothingElectric Motor 380v. The protective material also needs to be water proof but breathable to provide comfort to the userUrea Fertilizer Milling Machine for Fertilizer Production Crushing. The material composition can be made with two types of materials based on polyurethane or other co-polymers. One of them is monolithic membrane made of polyurethane containing hard and soft segment in the molecular chain, which provides the thermodynamic intolerance causing semi permeability at the joints of micro separation.100*70 Cm 100% Cotton Plush Fleece Baby Blanket for Baby Girls and Baby Boys BlanketField Guardian Fi-Shock 250 FT. Outdoor Farms 17-Gauge Aluminum Electric Fence Wire.Top Sale Amber Glass Essential Oil Bottle with Screw Cap Stopper 10ml Glass Vial. The melt blown web provides a barrier impervious to bacteria and other contaminantsFire Proof Aluminum Silicate Felt Wool Insulation Fire Resistant Felt.Inch Bearing Rls18 Deep Groove Ball Bearing Rls18/C3 57.15*114.3*22.225mmFactory Best Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose CMC for Oil Drilling.

New Born Baby Weighting Scale BS-20 Digital Scale Electronic ScalesHorizontal Wire Knife CNC Contour Polyurethane Rigid Foam Cutting Machine.Jh25 C Two Points High Performance Mechanical Press Machine, gowns and gloves are used in the operation theatre to protect the patient and the theatre staff. They also protect theatre equipment from getting damaged.3W 5W 8W Multi-Functional Portable SOS LED Tube LightCustom DOT Matrix 3D Multi Channel Hologram Laser Sticker Printing. Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) has suggested standard PB 70:Laser LED Miro-Current Comb for Hair Loss Treatment Hair Restoration Hair Regrowing.

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Wholesale Membrane Keypad Lenses with UL Certification.Agriculture Large Span Commerical Steel Frame Greenhouse.Printable White Plastic PVC Sheets Thickness 0.3mm for Poker Cards/m2Lifting Chair Cushion, up Easy Seat Cushion for Elderly(PTFE) film with 0.China Cheap Monocrystalline 280W PV Module Solar Panel/m2Fire Proof Aluminum Silicate Felt Wool Insulation Fire Resistant Felt/m2. Polypropylene is having a moisture regain of 0%Sheep Run Outdoor Activities Windproof Cold Weather Ski Face Mask Thermal Merino Wool Balaclava. Hence polypropylene is selected as outer layer for the surgical gown. Polyester is having a moisture regain of 0.4% which helps in absorption of sweat when used for longer duration. Titanium dioxide nanoparticle has photocatalytic action and singlet oxygen is produced by methelene blue.

Preparation of Titanium Nano composite dispersion

The Titanium tetra chloride (TiCl4) was used as a starting material in this synthesis. 50 ml of TiCl4 was slowly added to 200 ml of distilled water in an ice cool bath. The beaker was taken from the ice bath to room temperature. The beaker was kept in magnetic stirrer to get a homogeneous solution. Bath temperature was raised to 170°C and kept in the same temperature till the process of nano particle formation was completed. In another vessel 30 grams of urea was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water. From the vessel 160 ml of urea solution was added to beaker under constant stirring. The solution turned into white colloid without any precipitation. 25 grams of Methylene blue was added to the titanium nano particles.

Characterisation of Titanium dioxide Nano composite dispersion

The characterisation of the nano particle was done using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) model JEOL JEM 2100. The HRTEM confirms the average size of nano particles.

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A 5×5mm swatch was cut from the nonwoven felt. Then the swatch was cut cross sectionally to reduce the thickness of the swatch so that it can be easily mounted on the slide. The surface image of the swatch was taken through the microscope at 400× magnification. Then the area between the entangled fibers was found by software calibrated at 400× magnifications. The average area of 100 readings was determined.

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D30X10X5mm Sintered Anti Oxidation Circular Magnet for Industry with Hole. The nano finished sample was mounted on the specimen stub with double sided adhesive tape and coated with gold in a sputter coater and examined in a Scanning Electron Microscope using Jeol model JSM 6360.

Evaluation of Trilaminate surgical gown Viral penetration test

To investigate the antiviral property, viral testing of surgical gown using ASTM F1671 was carried out.SGS Test Nitrogen Filled Lift up Cabinet Gas Spring. The test system has been designed for measuring penetration of surrogate microbe for hepatitis (B and C) and the Human Immunodeficiency viruses HIV. The surrogate Phi-Hight Quantity Micropore Tfc-3012-300gpd RO Membrane.

Tensile and tearing strength

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Hydrostatic resistance test

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Index puncture resistance test

Custom Flat Pack Magnetic Closure Foldable Paper Gift Box. In this test, the sample was secured in a ring clamp. A steel rod with a conical tip was then forced through the material and the resistance to puncture was measured in Newton.

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Results

Characterization of Titanium dioxide nano composite dispersion using HRTEM

The morphology of TiO2 nanoparticle was revealed using HRTEM image shown inChina Factory APC Type Optical Adapter E2000/APC Fiber Optic Adapter. The average nano particle size was determined using simple image processing algorithm. The average diameter of the nano particle is 9 nm.

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AAC Brick Making Machine, Block Making Machine, AAC Plant.65 Inch LCD Touch Screen Interactive Smart Meeting, Office, Educational Equipment Whiteboard. The nanoparticles are well dispersed on the fibre surface as shown inStripe Fabric for T Shirt Pullover in Cotton Spandex. The nano particle agglomerates are seen on the surface fibre.Psa Oxygen Generator of Generating Best-Seller High Purity O2 Gas,Galvanized Heavy Duty Steel Hinged Grating for Manhole Cover, Sump, Drainage Cover, As3996.

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Evaluation of trilaminate surgical gown

TheContinuous Work Polyester Sludge Dewatering Filter Pressshows the result of various evaluations conducted on the single layer and trilaminate surgical gown.Industrial Ultrasonic Cleaning Machine Rinsing Drying Function Muti Tanks Ultrasonic Cleaner, which confirms that the gown has protection against the hepatitis (B and C), Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and surrogate Phi-X174 bacteriophage.DC 12V Garden Low Noise Submersible Water Return Amphibious Pumps Flow 3m. The film is micro porous which influences breathability as well as provides additional protection against viruses.Used Bobcat S185 Mini Skid Steer Loader in China.Various Shape Customized Permanent Rare Earth Neodymium NdFeB Magnets for Industrial.Lightweight Ribbed Slim Fit Sleeveless Crop Top Women Training Workout Clothes. The polypropylene and polyester fibre were laid in the machine direction during extrusion, so that fibre strength in the tensile direction is more as compared to the strength in cross direction.Private Label RFID Anti Thief Purses and Wallets Wholesale with Multifunction Tp190. The hydrostatic resistance test reports show the result as 2930 mmwc which confirms the grade Level 2 protection.Volvo Excavator Spare Parts The Used Engine Parts for Ec360 Ec460 Valve Chamber Cover.8 N.Factories Custom Manufacturing Large Metal Stamping (HS-PB-0094).7 g/m2/day which also confirms the gown requirements.Tyre Tube Product Making Machinery Tube and Cover Tires Vulcanizing Machine Model dB-18-B Vulcanizer.

Table 1

Results of various parameters of single layer versus Trilaminate surgical gown

Parameter (Unit)StandardSingle layer gownTrilaminate gown
Viral penetration testASTM F 1671FailPass
Tensile strength (N)ASTM D 5034: 2009
Machine direction130145
Cross direction(Grab)8694
Tearing strength710
Direction I (Cross wise tear)ASTM D 1424:2009
Direction II24
Hydrostatic resistance (mmwc)AATCC 127:200318502930
Index puncture resistance (N)ASTM D 483346.558.8
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(g/m2/day)
ASTM E 96634.3585.7

Discussion

1.4mm Aluminium Thicknesss Glass Window with Mosquito Net for House. The trilaminate surgical gown made with Polypropylene nonwoven as the outer layer with average pore size of 0.High Quality Stainless Steel Food Metal Detector for Food Processing Industry. As the product is used only once, any concern about damage to the barrier caused by reprocessing does not exist. Furthermore, there is no need for in-house processing, facilitating a move towards instrumentfocused sterile services departments. The trilaminate surgical gown provides protection against bacteria and viruses even smaller ones as to 0.Home Furniture Living Room Leather Sofa Set with Swivel Chair.Flaker, Granular, Powder, Pellet Calcium Chloride Used for Dedusting Agent-contamination between medical staff and patient's body fluids. The various mechanical properties of the surgical gown which include tensile strength, tearing strength, hydrostatic resistance and index puncture resistance meet the standards of protection level.

PPS Needle Felt Air Filter Bag with PTFE Membrane for Dust Collecting. As the inner layer gives soft touch to wearer's skin it increases the property of comfort to the user. The emission of fluro carbonates while washing reusable gowns can be avoided when disposable gowns are used thereby being environmental friendly.

Only 2% hospital waste is contributed by disposable gowns. As the reusable gowns are to be washed the hospital or external laundries drain contaminated wash water which is much hazardorous. The major advantage of this single use trilaminate surgical gown is that it is in compliance with global standards.

Conclusion

The conventional reusable textiles do not comply with the global standards. The trilaminate surgical gowns have consistency in use as they are always new and clean. Hence there is no need of Compromise during laundering.

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Results of Tensile, tearing and index puncture resistance of Single layer Vs trilaminate gown

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Articles fromAtc CNC Oscillating Knife Leather Cardboard Carton Cutting Router Machineare provided here courtesy ofMakerere University Medical School