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Abstract
Background
Biomass Hot Air Stove Boiler for Food Processing' uniforms including surgical gowns are used as barriers to eliminate the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses in the patient population is very common.
Objectives
To develop antiviral surgical gown comprising of Polypropylene nonwoven as outer layer, Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE)N95 Disposable Horizontal Fold-Flat Dust Mask Face Respirator with Valve Active Carbon/m2.
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The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano dispersion was prepared with methylene blue and urea as a reacting medium. These nano particles have an average size of 9 nm which was revealed by High resolution transmission electron microscope.Colorful Skateboard Shoes, Outdoor Shoes for Men and Women.600ml BPA Free New Eco Sports Plastic Water Bottles for Travele Fitness Bicycle (HDP-0957)-dry-Metal Box Telephone Booth Shape Biscuit Candy Tin Box.Melt blown PP sediment high flow industrial water filter cartridge.
Results
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Conclusions
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Introduction
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Usually clothing is a product that is used by only one enduser, the wearer. However patient gowns are unique because they have two types of endusers - the patients and the caregivers5X5m High Peak Tension Tent Party Frame Tent for Sale. The Hospital Association says that while the average visit to a community hospital has become shorter due to an aging population,High Temperature Ceramic Fiber Special Shape Product.BBQ Grill Installed in The Table with Stone Grill and Instant BBQ GrillsAutomatic Medical Head Loop Face Mask Making Machine Production Line. Materials used in surgical gowns should function as protective barriers against the transfer of micro-organisms, particulates and fluids to minimize penetration and the potential for personnel contaminationPower Adjustable UL Certificated Hydraulic Floor Spring Door Hinge HD-750d.
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Preparation of Titanium Nano composite dispersion
The Titanium tetra chloride (TiCl4) was used as a starting material in this synthesis. 50 ml of TiCl4 was slowly added to 200 ml of distilled water in an ice cool bath. The beaker was taken from the ice bath to room temperature. The beaker was kept in magnetic stirrer to get a homogeneous solution. Bath temperature was raised to 170°C and kept in the same temperature till the process of nano particle formation was completed. In another vessel 30 grams of urea was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water. From the vessel 160 ml of urea solution was added to beaker under constant stirring. The solution turned into white colloid without any precipitation. 25 grams of Methylene blue was added to the titanium nano particles.
Characterisation of Titanium dioxide Nano composite dispersion
The characterisation of the nano particle was done using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) model JEOL JEM 2100. The HRTEM confirms the average size of nano particles.
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A 5×5mm swatch was cut from the nonwoven felt. Then the swatch was cut cross sectionally to reduce the thickness of the swatch so that it can be easily mounted on the slide. The surface image of the swatch was taken through the microscope at 400× magnification. Then the area between the entangled fibers was found by software calibrated at 400× magnifications. The average area of 100 readings was determined.
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Evaluation of Trilaminate surgical gown Viral penetration test
To investigate the antiviral property, viral testing of surgical gown using ASTM F1671 was carried out.Hydraulic Rock Breaker Hammer Chisel/Conical/Pyramid/Blunt Tools. The test system has been designed for measuring penetration of surrogate microbe for hepatitis (B and C) and the Human Immunodeficiency viruses HIV. The surrogate Phi-Silver Thermal and Cold Foam Lamination Film 6 Micron.
Tensile and tearing strength
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Hydrostatic resistance test
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Index puncture resistance test
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Results
Characterization of Titanium dioxide nano composite dispersion using HRTEM
The morphology of TiO2 nanoparticle was revealed using HRTEM image shown inControlled Atmosphere Austin Steel Pipe Continuous Bright Annealing Heat Treatment Furnace. The average nano particle size was determined using simple image processing algorithm. The average diameter of the nano particle is 9 nm.
TEM image of TiO2Nano Particle
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Evaluation of trilaminate surgical gown
The2019 News Type Small Waste Incinerator Burn Variety of Garbageshows the result of various evaluations conducted on the single layer and trilaminate surgical gown.Acoustic Fencing Acrylic Noise Barriers Galvanized Sheet Sound Barriers Factory, which confirms that the gown has protection against the hepatitis (B and C), Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and surrogate Phi-X174 bacteriophage.Pistol Tire 3/8 Inch Air Butterfly Pneumatic Impact Tools Ui-1403. The film is micro porous which influences breathability as well as provides additional protection against viruses.Toothbrush Cover Care Wholesale Pet Hotel Toothbrush Kit.High Performance Miniature Ball Bearings 2*7*3mm Mr72zz.20A 30A 40A 50A MPPT 12V/24VDC Solar Charger Controller for Home. The polypropylene and polyester fibre were laid in the machine direction during extrusion, so that fibre strength in the tensile direction is more as compared to the strength in cross direction.29m 33m China High Quality 3 Arms R Folding Sections Self-Climbing Concrete Placing Boom. The hydrostatic resistance test reports show the result as 2930 mmwc which confirms the grade Level 2 protection.Home Use RF Skin Tightening & Skin Rejuvenation Device.8 N.100kw Dcec Cummins Engine Open and Silent Type Generator.7 g/m2/day which also confirms the gown requirements.Men′s Classic Metallic Polarized Sunglasses.
Table 1
Results of various parameters of single layer versus Trilaminate surgical gown
| Parameter (Unit) | Standard | Single layer gown | Trilaminate gown |
| Viral penetration test | ASTM F 1671 | Fail | Pass |
| Tensile strength (N) | ASTM D 5034: 2009 | ||
| Machine direction | 130 | 145 | |
| Cross direction | (Grab) | 86 | 94 |
| Tearing strength | 7 | 10 | |
| Direction I (Cross wise tear) | ASTM D 1424:2009 | ||
| Direction II | 2 | 4 | |
| Hydrostatic resistance (mmwc) | AATCC 127:2003 | 1850 | 2930 |
| Index puncture resistance (N) | ASTM D 4833 | 46.5 | 58.8 |
| Professional Medical Lung Bacterial Viral Spirometry Filter (g/m2/day) | ASTM E 96 | 634.3 | 585.7 |
Discussion
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Only 2% hospital waste is contributed by disposable gowns. As the reusable gowns are to be washed the hospital or external laundries drain contaminated wash water which is much hazardorous. The major advantage of this single use trilaminate surgical gown is that it is in compliance with global standards.
Conclusion
The conventional reusable textiles do not comply with the global standards. The trilaminate surgical gowns have consistency in use as they are always new and clean. Hence there is no need of Compromise during laundering.
Results of Tensile, tearing and index puncture resistance of Single layer Vs trilaminate gown
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References
Articles fromGck Industrial Power Distribution Unit, Drawable Switch Cabinetare provided here courtesy ofMakerere University Medical School
