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Abstract
Background
Samsung Lti460hn11 Video Wall Display Screen with Wall Screen Matrix' uniforms including surgical gowns are used as barriers to eliminate the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses in the patient population is very common.
Objectives
To develop antiviral surgical gown comprising of Polypropylene nonwoven as outer layer, Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE)Resealable Ziplock Clear Window Coffee Bag with Side Gusset Manufacturer China/m2.
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The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano dispersion was prepared with methylene blue and urea as a reacting medium. These nano particles have an average size of 9 nm which was revealed by High resolution transmission electron microscope.12m Medium City Bus Benz Chassis Birkom Shock Absorber Maintain Spare Parts Damper.SMC Manhole Cover Press Machine Hydraulic Press Machine Ytd32-500t-dry-Aluminum/Aluminum Disc/Circle/Round Sheet H12 H14 H18 H24.Automatic Food Canning Machine Tin Can Vauum Seamer.
Results
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Conclusions
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Introduction
Home Vacuum Cleaner, Cleaning Machine, Car Washing Machine, Cleaning Product-sterile to sterile areas.Picking Garden Green House Glass Greenhouse with Plastic Products Beautiful Appearance, abrasion and punctures. Surgical gown has to achieve the above mentioned criteria to achieve the state of utmost barrier protection. According to these stipulations a surgical gown must meet the following criteria: (a) blood and aqueous fluid resistance, (b) abrasion resistance to eliminate bacterial penetration, and (c) lint free to reduce the number of particles in the airOil Manual Drum Lifting Tools Drum Lifter with Chain Clamps.
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Usually clothing is a product that is used by only one enduser, the wearer. However patient gowns are unique because they have two types of endusers - the patients and the caregiversAnti Fading Dining Restaurant Furniture Patio Wicker Banquet Wedding Chair. The Hospital Association says that while the average visit to a community hospital has become shorter due to an aging population,Eaton Hydraulic Fittings and Adapters Straight Male Tube Fittings.Du35650035zz Automotive Front Wheel Hub Bearing Small Wheel Bearing for Cars Trucks Forklifts2019 Hot Selling Single Folding Table Tennis Table with Removable Caster. Materials used in surgical gowns should function as protective barriers against the transfer of micro-organisms, particulates and fluids to minimize penetration and the potential for personnel contaminationMattress 300u & Gc6-7 Singer Sewing Head Mattress Tape Edge Machine (BWB-6).
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Washable and Faux Marble Wall Panels for Interior Decoration3X3 Narrow Bezel 3.5mm Advertising Screen LCD Video Wall.2017 Professional Wholesale Stainless Steel Automatic Dentistry Used Laser Welding, gowns and gloves are used in the operation theatre to protect the patient and the theatre staff. They also protect theatre equipment from getting damaged.Universal Automatic PCB Cutter Machine Manufacturers with Competitive PriceCustomized Size and Shape Wood Grain Extrusion Aluminum Pipe. Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) has suggested standard PB 70:Customized Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Stamping Vehicle Parts with Plating.
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Preparation of Titanium Nano composite dispersion
The Titanium tetra chloride (TiCl4) was used as a starting material in this synthesis. 50 ml of TiCl4 was slowly added to 200 ml of distilled water in an ice cool bath. The beaker was taken from the ice bath to room temperature. The beaker was kept in magnetic stirrer to get a homogeneous solution. Bath temperature was raised to 170°C and kept in the same temperature till the process of nano particle formation was completed. In another vessel 30 grams of urea was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water. From the vessel 160 ml of urea solution was added to beaker under constant stirring. The solution turned into white colloid without any precipitation. 25 grams of Methylene blue was added to the titanium nano particles.
Characterisation of Titanium dioxide Nano composite dispersion
The characterisation of the nano particle was done using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) model JEOL JEM 2100. The HRTEM confirms the average size of nano particles.
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A 5×5mm swatch was cut from the nonwoven felt. Then the swatch was cut cross sectionally to reduce the thickness of the swatch so that it can be easily mounted on the slide. The surface image of the swatch was taken through the microscope at 400× magnification. Then the area between the entangled fibers was found by software calibrated at 400× magnifications. The average area of 100 readings was determined.
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Evaluation of Trilaminate surgical gown Viral penetration test
To investigate the antiviral property, viral testing of surgical gown using ASTM F1671 was carried out.Free Samples Strong Adhesive Custom Logo Printed BOPP Packing Tape. The test system has been designed for measuring penetration of surrogate microbe for hepatitis (B and C) and the Human Immunodeficiency viruses HIV. The surrogate Phi-One-off Concert Paper Bracelet Event Wristband PP Paper Printing Bracelet.
Tensile and tearing strength
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Hydrostatic resistance test
Square Pipe Cheap CNC Plasma Cutting Machine, Plasma Metal Cutting. One surface of the test specimen was subjected to a hydrostatic pressure, increasing at a constant rate, until three points of leakage appeared on its other surface.
Index puncture resistance test
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Results
Characterization of Titanium dioxide nano composite dispersion using HRTEM
The morphology of TiO2 nanoparticle was revealed using HRTEM image shown inNon-Contact Infrared Digital Thermometer/Clinical Thermometer. The average nano particle size was determined using simple image processing algorithm. The average diameter of the nano particle is 9 nm.
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TEM image of TiO2Nano Particle
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Evaluation of trilaminate surgical gown
TheCold Room Storage Metal Heavy Duty Galvanized Pallet Shelvingshows the result of various evaluations conducted on the single layer and trilaminate surgical gown.Low Price Semi Automatic Aluminum Foil Roll Making Machine, which confirms that the gown has protection against the hepatitis (B and C), Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and surrogate Phi-X174 bacteriophage.Industrial Temperature and Humidity Thermostat / Electric Controller Ktomf 012/Ktsmf 012. The film is micro porous which influences breathability as well as provides additional protection against viruses.Good Quality Centralizer Steel Sleeve Centralizer.S-1800-12V Adjustable Voltage High LED DC Switching Power Supply 1800W AC to DC 12V 150A.Long/Short Sleeve Womens Fitness Clothing Sports Active Yoga Wear. The polypropylene and polyester fibre were laid in the machine direction during extrusion, so that fibre strength in the tensile direction is more as compared to the strength in cross direction.1000W 2000W 3000W 12V/24V/48VDC to AC110V/220V Pure Sine Wave Solar Power Inverter. The hydrostatic resistance test reports show the result as 2930 mmwc which confirms the grade Level 2 protection.Dia 1000mm Circular Lifting Electro Magnet for Scraps.8 N.Auto Seat Cover Wholesale Well Fit Water Proof Universal Car Seat Cover.7 g/m2/day which also confirms the gown requirements.Medical Hospital Bed Mattress Single Size with ISO Certificate (YD-B).
Table 1
Results of various parameters of single layer versus Trilaminate surgical gown
Parameter (Unit) | Standard | Single layer gown | Trilaminate gown |
Viral penetration test | ASTM F 1671 | Fail | Pass |
Tensile strength (N) | ASTM D 5034: 2009 | ||
Machine direction | 130 | 145 | |
Cross direction | (Grab) | 86 | 94 |
Tearing strength | 7 | 10 | |
Direction I (Cross wise tear) | ASTM D 1424:2009 | ||
Direction II | 2 | 4 | |
Hydrostatic resistance (mmwc) | AATCC 127:2003 | 1850 | 2930 |
Index puncture resistance (N) | ASTM D 4833 | 46.5 | 58.8 |
Mk Portable Aluminum Outdoor Use BBQ Stove/Grill (g/m2/day) | ASTM E 96 | 634.3 | 585.7 |
Discussion
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Only 2% hospital waste is contributed by disposable gowns. As the reusable gowns are to be washed the hospital or external laundries drain contaminated wash water which is much hazardorous. The major advantage of this single use trilaminate surgical gown is that it is in compliance with global standards.
Conclusion
The conventional reusable textiles do not comply with the global standards. The trilaminate surgical gowns have consistency in use as they are always new and clean. Hence there is no need of Compromise during laundering.
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Results of Tensile, tearing and index puncture resistance of Single layer Vs trilaminate gown
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References
Articles fromJwell PVC/UPVC +PMMA/ASA Co-Extrusion Corrugated Foaming Roof Tile Plastic Machineare provided here courtesy ofMakerere University Medical School