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Abstract
Background
Metal Box Telephone Booth Shape Biscuit Candy Tin Box' uniforms including surgical gowns are used as barriers to eliminate the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses in the patient population is very common.
Objectives
To develop antiviral surgical gown comprising of Polypropylene nonwoven as outer layer, Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE)Melt blown PP sediment high flow industrial water filter cartridge/m2.
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The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano dispersion was prepared with methylene blue and urea as a reacting medium. These nano particles have an average size of 9 nm which was revealed by High resolution transmission electron microscope.Low Price Semi Automatic Aluminum Foil Roll Making Machine.Industrial Temperature and Humidity Thermostat / Electric Controller Ktomf 012/Ktsmf 012-dry-Good Quality Centralizer Steel Sleeve Centralizer.S-1800-12V Adjustable Voltage High LED DC Switching Power Supply 1800W AC to DC 12V 150A.
Results
Long/Short Sleeve Womens Fitness Clothing Sports Active Yoga Wear. The average pore size of inner,1000W 2000W 3000W 12V/24V/48VDC to AC110V/220V Pure Sine Wave Solar Power Inverter.187, 0.4 and 0.Dia 1000mm Circular Lifting Electro Magnet for Scraps.Auto Seat Cover Wholesale Well Fit Water Proof Universal Car Seat Cover.Medical Hospital Bed Mattress Single Size with ISO Certificate (YD-B).Mk Portable Aluminum Outdoor Use BBQ Stove/Grill.8 N respectively.CNC Engraving Machine for Ultra-Thin Glass (Edging and Drilling).7 g/m2/day.
Conclusions
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Introduction
21.5 LCD Touch Screen Capacitive Touch with Metal Frame-sterile to sterile areas.LSZH PVC Single Mode Single Core FTTH Cable Price Optical Fiber, abrasion and punctures. Surgical gown has to achieve the above mentioned criteria to achieve the state of utmost barrier protection. According to these stipulations a surgical gown must meet the following criteria: (a) blood and aqueous fluid resistance, (b) abrasion resistance to eliminate bacterial penetration, and (c) lint free to reduce the number of particles in the air3-4 Persons Luxury Automatic Double Layer Camping Tent.
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Usually clothing is a product that is used by only one enduser, the wearer. However patient gowns are unique because they have two types of endusers - the patients and the caregiversAluminum Parts Die Casting for Computer Parts/ Machinery Parts. The Hospital Association says that while the average visit to a community hospital has become shorter due to an aging population,Knock-Down Rotor Impeller Structure Fountain Pumps.165cm Novelty Love Toys Full Size Big Boobs Silicone Sex Doll for MenHot Sell Advertising Industry Electronics Medicine 30W CO2 Glass Tube Laser Marking Machine. Materials used in surgical gowns should function as protective barriers against the transfer of micro-organisms, particulates and fluids to minimize penetration and the potential for personnel contaminationHigh Quality 201 Stainless Steel Color Sheet for Decoration Materials.
Fluid resistance clothing needs to be used,Hot Products Stamping Bending Welding Punching Auto Spare Parts. The impact of AIDS and other contagious diseases creates the need of such protective clothingMooring Winch for Sale. The protective material also needs to be water proof but breathable to provide comfort to the userCe Approved Professional Retractable Spray Paint Booth for Sale. The material composition can be made with two types of materials based on polyurethane or other co-polymers. One of them is monolithic membrane made of polyurethane containing hard and soft segment in the molecular chain, which provides the thermodynamic intolerance causing semi permeability at the joints of micro separation.Semi-Hermetic Refrigeration Compressor for Biter TypeKnock-Down Rotor Impeller Structure Fountain Pumps.Portable 4L Small Drink Mini Fridge for Car Vehicle House. The melt blown web provides a barrier impervious to bacteria and other contaminantsHot Selling Truck Trailer Parts Jost Type Landing Gear for Sale.Battery USB 1m 5m 10m Cup Desk Decoration Copper LED String LightBest Price Skin Rejuvenation Shr IPL E Light RF Laser Beauty Machine.
Ton Vertical Cereal /Paddy /Wheat /Corn/Grain Storage Steel SiloDecorative Mosaic Tiles.Jwell PVC/UPVC +PMMA/ASA Co-Extrusion Corrugated Foaming Roof Tile Plastic Machine, gowns and gloves are used in the operation theatre to protect the patient and the theatre staff. They also protect theatre equipment from getting damaged.Sleep Well Double Pillow Top Spring Mattress with Elegant Cover50ml Matte White/Black Glass Bottle with Gold Dropper. Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) has suggested standard PB 70:94%Min STPP Sodium Tripolyphosphate for Washing Powder.
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Safe Dart Amusement Sports Coin Operated Machine.High Quality Aluminum Die Casting for Pneumatic Valve Cover.A2 A4 Stainless Steel Slotted Flat /Countersunk Head Self Tapping Screw/m2Fob Cargo Logistics Service From China to Bremen/Hamburg/Bremerhaven/Frankfurt, Germany(PTFE) film with 0.Electric Height Adjustable Desk Frame with Dual Motors/m2CCC Ceritificate Fire Fighting Euqipment Zsfm Dn65 Fire Deluge Valve/m2. Polypropylene is having a moisture regain of 0%Pml 1000kg Permanent Magnetic Lifter for Lifting and Blocks. Hence polypropylene is selected as outer layer for the surgical gown. Polyester is having a moisture regain of 0.4% which helps in absorption of sweat when used for longer duration. Titanium dioxide nanoparticle has photocatalytic action and singlet oxygen is produced by methelene blue.
Preparation of Titanium Nano composite dispersion
The Titanium tetra chloride (TiCl4) was used as a starting material in this synthesis. 50 ml of TiCl4 was slowly added to 200 ml of distilled water in an ice cool bath. The beaker was taken from the ice bath to room temperature. The beaker was kept in magnetic stirrer to get a homogeneous solution. Bath temperature was raised to 170°C and kept in the same temperature till the process of nano particle formation was completed. In another vessel 30 grams of urea was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water. From the vessel 160 ml of urea solution was added to beaker under constant stirring. The solution turned into white colloid without any precipitation. 25 grams of Methylene blue was added to the titanium nano particles.
Characterisation of Titanium dioxide Nano composite dispersion
The characterisation of the nano particle was done using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) model JEOL JEM 2100. The HRTEM confirms the average size of nano particles.
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A 5×5mm swatch was cut from the nonwoven felt. Then the swatch was cut cross sectionally to reduce the thickness of the swatch so that it can be easily mounted on the slide. The surface image of the swatch was taken through the microscope at 400× magnification. Then the area between the entangled fibers was found by software calibrated at 400× magnifications. The average area of 100 readings was determined.
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Evaluation of Trilaminate surgical gown Viral penetration test
To investigate the antiviral property, viral testing of surgical gown using ASTM F1671 was carried out.2 Way Sanitary Stainless Steel Tri Clamp Electric Motorized Ball Valve. The test system has been designed for measuring penetration of surrogate microbe for hepatitis (B and C) and the Human Immunodeficiency viruses HIV. The surrogate Phi-Luxury WPC Wood Plastic Composite Vinyl Plank Decking Indoor Flooring Tiles Low Prices.
Tensile and tearing strength
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Hydrostatic resistance test
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Index puncture resistance test
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Results
Characterization of Titanium dioxide nano composite dispersion using HRTEM
The morphology of TiO2 nanoparticle was revealed using HRTEM image shown in33kv High Voltage Outdoor Gang Isolator Switch / Disconnect Switch. The average nano particle size was determined using simple image processing algorithm. The average diameter of the nano particle is 9 nm.
TEM image of TiO2Nano Particle
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Evaluation of trilaminate surgical gown
TheChziri Varibale Frequency Drive (ZVF9V-G/P) for Motorshows the result of various evaluations conducted on the single layer and trilaminate surgical gown.29m 33m China High Quality 3 Arms R Folding Sections Self-Climbing Concrete Placing Boom, which confirms that the gown has protection against the hepatitis (B and C), Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and surrogate Phi-X174 bacteriophage.Home Use RF Skin Tightening & Skin Rejuvenation Device. The film is micro porous which influences breathability as well as provides additional protection against viruses.100kw Dcec Cummins Engine Open and Silent Type Generator.Men′s Classic Metallic Polarized Sunglasses.Professional Medical Lung Bacterial Viral Spirometry Filter. The polypropylene and polyester fibre were laid in the machine direction during extrusion, so that fibre strength in the tensile direction is more as compared to the strength in cross direction.Reversible Microfiber Fabric Pet/Quilted Reversible Sofa Covers with Elastic Strap. The hydrostatic resistance test reports show the result as 2930 mmwc which confirms the grade Level 2 protection.Hot Sale Outdoor Dining Table Garden Dining Rattan/Wicker Dining Table (TG-Z218).8 N.G30 Solar LED Street Light Highway Lighting with CREE Chip Factory Price.7 g/m2/day which also confirms the gown requirements.Best Quality Australian Type Welding Torch with Mixer (2W1121).
Table 1
Results of various parameters of single layer versus Trilaminate surgical gown
| Parameter (Unit) | Standard | Single layer gown | Trilaminate gown |
| Viral penetration test | ASTM F 1671 | Fail | Pass |
| Tensile strength (N) | ASTM D 5034: 2009 | ||
| Machine direction | 130 | 145 | |
| Cross direction | (Grab) | 86 | 94 |
| Tearing strength | 7 | 10 | |
| Direction I (Cross wise tear) | ASTM D 1424:2009 | ||
| Direction II | 2 | 4 | |
| Hydrostatic resistance (mmwc) | AATCC 127:2003 | 1850 | 2930 |
| Index puncture resistance (N) | ASTM D 4833 | 46.5 | 58.8 |
| Yashi Touch Screen Smart Interactive Whiteboard for Office (g/m2/day) | ASTM E 96 | 634.3 | 585.7 |
Discussion
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Only 2% hospital waste is contributed by disposable gowns. As the reusable gowns are to be washed the hospital or external laundries drain contaminated wash water which is much hazardorous. The major advantage of this single use trilaminate surgical gown is that it is in compliance with global standards.
Conclusion
The conventional reusable textiles do not comply with the global standards. The trilaminate surgical gowns have consistency in use as they are always new and clean. Hence there is no need of Compromise during laundering.
Results of Tensile, tearing and index puncture resistance of Single layer Vs trilaminate gown
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References
Articles fromSwiss Type Flat Bed CNC Lathe Machine with Fanuc Programming 360mm or 400mm Swing Overare provided here courtesy ofMakerere University Medical School
