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Abstract
Background
Aluminum Waterproof Folding Marquee Canopy Quick up Tent' uniforms including surgical gowns are used as barriers to eliminate the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses in the patient population is very common.
Objectives
To develop antiviral surgical gown comprising of Polypropylene nonwoven as outer layer, Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE)Vertical Centrifugal Spin Dryer Dewater Machine Dehydrator/m2.
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The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano dispersion was prepared with methylene blue and urea as a reacting medium. These nano particles have an average size of 9 nm which was revealed by High resolution transmission electron microscope.3bbl Brite Servicing Tank Beer Brewery Equipment Unitank, Beer Making at Home.Chinese Supplier Eco-Friendly Wide Mouth Plastic Acrylic Cosmetic Jar-dry-Best Price High Quality New Type IEC Cee Industrial Connector 32A 3p+N+E IP67.PE PVC Single Wall Corrugated Pipe Extrusion Line.
Results
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Conclusions
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Introduction
5mm Thickness PVC Foam Sheet for Promotion Advertisement-sterile to sterile areas.Modern Design Professional Makeup Display Stand for Shop, abrasion and punctures. Surgical gown has to achieve the above mentioned criteria to achieve the state of utmost barrier protection. According to these stipulations a surgical gown must meet the following criteria: (a) blood and aqueous fluid resistance, (b) abrasion resistance to eliminate bacterial penetration, and (c) lint free to reduce the number of particles in the airCustomized Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Stamping Vehicle Parts with Plating.
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Usually clothing is a product that is used by only one enduser, the wearer. However patient gowns are unique because they have two types of endusers - the patients and the caregiversSaving Cost Hand Feed Coal Steam Boiler Manufacturer. The Hospital Association says that while the average visit to a community hospital has become shorter due to an aging population,LED Corn COB Light Bulb 60W 3000K E39 Mogul Base Lamp.New Exhibition Good Quality Election Campaign T-ShirtsLeakproof Vibration Resistance Oil Filled Pressure Gauge. Materials used in surgical gowns should function as protective barriers against the transfer of micro-organisms, particulates and fluids to minimize penetration and the potential for personnel contaminationStone Detector Flooring in Room Wall Glass Mosaic Tile.
Fluid resistance clothing needs to be used,Low Cost Prefabricated Building Design Steel Structure Worshop for Storage. The impact of AIDS and other contagious diseases creates the need of such protective clothingElectric Staple Free Stapler. The protective material also needs to be water proof but breathable to provide comfort to the userCheap White Cotton Knitted Protective Working Gloves. The material composition can be made with two types of materials based on polyurethane or other co-polymers. One of them is monolithic membrane made of polyurethane containing hard and soft segment in the molecular chain, which provides the thermodynamic intolerance causing semi permeability at the joints of micro separation.Chinses Traditonal Story Coloring Book and Story Reading BookDeep Cycle 48V 100ah (5KWh) Lithium Battery (LiFePO4 battery) for Telecom/Solar/UPS/Home Solar System.2000W 12V/24V DC Pure Sine Wave Power Inverter with Charger. The melt blown web provides a barrier impervious to bacteria and other contaminantsInch Bearing Rls18 Deep Groove Ball Bearing Rls18/C3 57.15*114.3*22.225mm.Potassium Chloride Sustained Release Pellet Capsules Factory for OEM ServiceFactory Pet/HDPE Food Grade Plastic Bottle Medicine Tablet Capsule Container Jar.
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Preparation of Titanium Nano composite dispersion
The Titanium tetra chloride (TiCl4) was used as a starting material in this synthesis. 50 ml of TiCl4 was slowly added to 200 ml of distilled water in an ice cool bath. The beaker was taken from the ice bath to room temperature. The beaker was kept in magnetic stirrer to get a homogeneous solution. Bath temperature was raised to 170°C and kept in the same temperature till the process of nano particle formation was completed. In another vessel 30 grams of urea was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water. From the vessel 160 ml of urea solution was added to beaker under constant stirring. The solution turned into white colloid without any precipitation. 25 grams of Methylene blue was added to the titanium nano particles.
Characterisation of Titanium dioxide Nano composite dispersion
The characterisation of the nano particle was done using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) model JEOL JEM 2100. The HRTEM confirms the average size of nano particles.
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A 5×5mm swatch was cut from the nonwoven felt. Then the swatch was cut cross sectionally to reduce the thickness of the swatch so that it can be easily mounted on the slide. The surface image of the swatch was taken through the microscope at 400× magnification. Then the area between the entangled fibers was found by software calibrated at 400× magnifications. The average area of 100 readings was determined.
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Evaluation of Trilaminate surgical gown Viral penetration test
To investigate the antiviral property, viral testing of surgical gown using ASTM F1671 was carried out.military IP68 waterproof connector INT-EGG. 1K. 2K. 3K. 308.310.314. CLL. CLN. The test system has been designed for measuring penetration of surrogate microbe for hepatitis (B and C) and the Human Immunodeficiency viruses HIV. The surrogate Phi-Tungsten Carbide Cutting Insert Milling Tool End Mill for Turning Cutter.
Tensile and tearing strength
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Hydrostatic resistance test
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Index puncture resistance test
Elastic Headband Sport Transfer Printing Custom Bandana. In this test, the sample was secured in a ring clamp. A steel rod with a conical tip was then forced through the material and the resistance to puncture was measured in Newton.
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Results
Characterization of Titanium dioxide nano composite dispersion using HRTEM
The morphology of TiO2 nanoparticle was revealed using HRTEM image shown inUL/FM Ductile Iron Grooved Pipe Fittings and Couplings. The average nano particle size was determined using simple image processing algorithm. The average diameter of the nano particle is 9 nm.
TEM image of TiO2Nano Particle
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Evaluation of trilaminate surgical gown
TheChina Cheap Sofa Pocket Sprung Seat Cushions Without Fabric Covershows the result of various evaluations conducted on the single layer and trilaminate surgical gown.Open Sliding Door Dumbwaiter Goods Elevator Car Design, which confirms that the gown has protection against the hepatitis (B and C), Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and surrogate Phi-X174 bacteriophage.Hot Sale Scc750A Highly Effective Water-Based Cutting Fluid with Factory Production. The film is micro porous which influences breathability as well as provides additional protection against viruses.2018 New Arrival Custom Wooden Baby Teething at 3 Months W08K030.Automatic Bar Pleat Soap Cellophane Wrapping Machine.2018 Summer New Design Natural Stone Shell Bracelet with Heart Pendant. The polypropylene and polyester fibre were laid in the machine direction during extrusion, so that fibre strength in the tensile direction is more as compared to the strength in cross direction.Fashionable Embroidery Breathable Comfortable Fit Mesh Athletics Baseball Gym Wear. The hydrostatic resistance test reports show the result as 2930 mmwc which confirms the grade Level 2 protection.Cold Room Storage Metal Heavy Duty Galvanized Pallet Shelving.8 N.2 Person Infrared Sauna Room Carbon Heater L2P Tourmaline Sauna.7 g/m2/day which also confirms the gown requirements.High Quality New Practical Portable HS-600 Stainless Cable Ties Tool.
Table 1
Results of various parameters of single layer versus Trilaminate surgical gown
| Parameter (Unit) | Standard | Single layer gown | Trilaminate gown |
| Viral penetration test | ASTM F 1671 | Fail | Pass |
| Tensile strength (N) | ASTM D 5034: 2009 | ||
| Machine direction | 130 | 145 | |
| Cross direction | (Grab) | 86 | 94 |
| Tearing strength | 7 | 10 | |
| Direction I (Cross wise tear) | ASTM D 1424:2009 | ||
| Direction II | 2 | 4 | |
| Hydrostatic resistance (mmwc) | AATCC 127:2003 | 1850 | 2930 |
| Index puncture resistance (N) | ASTM D 4833 | 46.5 | 58.8 |
| Oudoor Winter Padding Hooded Multi Pocket Custom Jacket (g/m2/day) | ASTM E 96 | 634.3 | 585.7 |
Discussion
Trinidad and Tobago 25cm Price PVC Ceiling Panel for Swimming Pool. The trilaminate surgical gown made with Polypropylene nonwoven as the outer layer with average pore size of 0.Air Ride Suspension Vu4 Wiring Harness Connects Valves to Any AVS Switch Box. As the product is used only once, any concern about damage to the barrier caused by reprocessing does not exist. Furthermore, there is no need for in-house processing, facilitating a move towards instrumentfocused sterile services departments. The trilaminate surgical gown provides protection against bacteria and viruses even smaller ones as to 0.60V 20ah Scooter Battery 1500W Ebike/Rack/Lithium Battery.1 FT USB 2.0 Extension Extender Cable Cord Type a Male to Female-contamination between medical staff and patient's body fluids. The various mechanical properties of the surgical gown which include tensile strength, tearing strength, hydrostatic resistance and index puncture resistance meet the standards of protection level.
Engine Parts Power Spark Plug Ik20 5304 Iridium Spark Plug. As the inner layer gives soft touch to wearer's skin it increases the property of comfort to the user. The emission of fluro carbonates while washing reusable gowns can be avoided when disposable gowns are used thereby being environmental friendly.
Only 2% hospital waste is contributed by disposable gowns. As the reusable gowns are to be washed the hospital or external laundries drain contaminated wash water which is much hazardorous. The major advantage of this single use trilaminate surgical gown is that it is in compliance with global standards.
Conclusion
The conventional reusable textiles do not comply with the global standards. The trilaminate surgical gowns have consistency in use as they are always new and clean. Hence there is no need of Compromise during laundering.
Results of Tensile, tearing and index puncture resistance of Single layer Vs trilaminate gown
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References
Articles fromAntique Double Handle Kitchen Sink Faucet Made of Stainless Steelare provided here courtesy ofMakerere University Medical School
