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Abstract
Background
Agriculture Large Span Commerical Steel Frame Greenhouse' uniforms including surgical gowns are used as barriers to eliminate the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses in the patient population is very common.
Objectives
To develop antiviral surgical gown comprising of Polypropylene nonwoven as outer layer, Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE)Printable White Plastic PVC Sheets Thickness 0.3mm for Poker Cards/m2.
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The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano dispersion was prepared with methylene blue and urea as a reacting medium. These nano particles have an average size of 9 nm which was revealed by High resolution transmission electron microscope.China Cheap Monocrystalline 280W PV Module Solar Panel.Fire Proof Aluminum Silicate Felt Wool Insulation Fire Resistant Felt-dry-Sheep Run Outdoor Activities Windproof Cold Weather Ski Face Mask Thermal Merino Wool Balaclava.Nakzen Fashion Female and Male Wristwatch Quartz Stainless Steel Band Watch.
Results
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Conclusions
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Introduction
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Usually clothing is a product that is used by only one enduser, the wearer. However patient gowns are unique because they have two types of endusers - the patients and the caregiversAutomatic / Electrical / Motorized Aluminum Rolling Garage Door. The Hospital Association says that while the average visit to a community hospital has become shorter due to an aging population,Food Grade Material 304/316 Double Diaphragm Pneumatic Pumps.Circular Vibrating Sieve Filter Machine for Paper PulpSafety Toughened /Tempered Glass for Canopy Roof Sliding Patio Door. Materials used in surgical gowns should function as protective barriers against the transfer of micro-organisms, particulates and fluids to minimize penetration and the potential for personnel contaminationKitchen Cabinet Door Support Lift up Machine Spring Gas 60n 100n Master Lift Gas Spring.
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Preparation of Titanium Nano composite dispersion
The Titanium tetra chloride (TiCl4) was used as a starting material in this synthesis. 50 ml of TiCl4 was slowly added to 200 ml of distilled water in an ice cool bath. The beaker was taken from the ice bath to room temperature. The beaker was kept in magnetic stirrer to get a homogeneous solution. Bath temperature was raised to 170°C and kept in the same temperature till the process of nano particle formation was completed. In another vessel 30 grams of urea was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water. From the vessel 160 ml of urea solution was added to beaker under constant stirring. The solution turned into white colloid without any precipitation. 25 grams of Methylene blue was added to the titanium nano particles.
Characterisation of Titanium dioxide Nano composite dispersion
The characterisation of the nano particle was done using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) model JEOL JEM 2100. The HRTEM confirms the average size of nano particles.
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A 5×5mm swatch was cut from the nonwoven felt. Then the swatch was cut cross sectionally to reduce the thickness of the swatch so that it can be easily mounted on the slide. The surface image of the swatch was taken through the microscope at 400× magnification. Then the area between the entangled fibers was found by software calibrated at 400× magnifications. The average area of 100 readings was determined.
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Evaluation of Trilaminate surgical gown Viral penetration test
To investigate the antiviral property, viral testing of surgical gown using ASTM F1671 was carried out.1.4mm Aluminium Thicknesss Glass Window with Mosquito Net for House. The test system has been designed for measuring penetration of surrogate microbe for hepatitis (B and C) and the Human Immunodeficiency viruses HIV. The surrogate Phi-High Quality Stainless Steel Food Metal Detector for Food Processing Industry.
Tensile and tearing strength
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Hydrostatic resistance test
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Index puncture resistance test
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Results
Characterization of Titanium dioxide nano composite dispersion using HRTEM
The morphology of TiO2 nanoparticle was revealed using HRTEM image shown inLaser LED Miro-Current Comb for Hair Loss Treatment Hair Restoration Hair Regrowing. The average nano particle size was determined using simple image processing algorithm. The average diameter of the nano particle is 9 nm.
TEM image of TiO2Nano Particle
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Evaluation of trilaminate surgical gown
TheHome Decoration Leather Cutting Machine CNC Digital Fabric Cutter Home Furnishing Cutting Machineshows the result of various evaluations conducted on the single layer and trilaminate surgical gown.Stainless Steel Intelligent Pneumatic Butterfly Valve with Union, which confirms that the gown has protection against the hepatitis (B and C), Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and surrogate Phi-X174 bacteriophage.Heating Equipment Medium Frequency Furnace for Metal Melting. The film is micro porous which influences breathability as well as provides additional protection against viruses.Flying Type 20W Optial Fiber Laser Marking Machine for Printing Logo Barcode, Date Time on Metal.Good Quality Drinking Water Packing Machine Zhangjiagang Factory.FTTH IP65 Outdoor Box Fiber Optic Plastic Box 8 Core Fiber Optic Distribution Box. The polypropylene and polyester fibre were laid in the machine direction during extrusion, so that fibre strength in the tensile direction is more as compared to the strength in cross direction.Pair Rear Black Passenger Pegs Foot Pegs Mount Bracket Fits OEM Aluminum Part. The hydrostatic resistance test reports show the result as 2930 mmwc which confirms the grade Level 2 protection.Auto Ignition Coil. Buick, Chevrolet, Cruz, (with mold/without mold) , etc. Model: 55571790/55571790 B..8 N.Automatic Medical Head Loop Face Mask Making Machine Production Line.7 g/m2/day which also confirms the gown requirements.UV Matrix 3D Printer Quite Print Upgrade Version + 500ml Resin.
Table 1
Results of various parameters of single layer versus Trilaminate surgical gown
| Parameter (Unit) | Standard | Single layer gown | Trilaminate gown |
| Viral penetration test | ASTM F 1671 | Fail | Pass |
| Tensile strength (N) | ASTM D 5034: 2009 | ||
| Machine direction | 130 | 145 | |
| Cross direction | (Grab) | 86 | 94 |
| Tearing strength | 7 | 10 | |
| Direction I (Cross wise tear) | ASTM D 1424:2009 | ||
| Direction II | 2 | 4 | |
| Hydrostatic resistance (mmwc) | AATCC 127:2003 | 1850 | 2930 |
| Index puncture resistance (N) | ASTM D 4833 | 46.5 | 58.8 |
| Epoxy Resin Coated Steel Cable for Bridge Construction (g/m2/day) | ASTM E 96 | 634.3 | 585.7 |
Discussion
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Only 2% hospital waste is contributed by disposable gowns. As the reusable gowns are to be washed the hospital or external laundries drain contaminated wash water which is much hazardorous. The major advantage of this single use trilaminate surgical gown is that it is in compliance with global standards.
Conclusion
The conventional reusable textiles do not comply with the global standards. The trilaminate surgical gowns have consistency in use as they are always new and clean. Hence there is no need of Compromise during laundering.
Results of Tensile, tearing and index puncture resistance of Single layer Vs trilaminate gown
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References
Articles fromFull Automatic Chicken Cage Wire Mesh Machine for Hexagonal Meshare provided here courtesy ofMakerere University Medical School
