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Abstract
Background
ABS Plastic Chrome Car Badge Stickers Car Auto Letter Emblem' uniforms including surgical gowns are used as barriers to eliminate the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses in the patient population is very common.
Objectives
To develop antiviral surgical gown comprising of Polypropylene nonwoven as outer layer, Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE)Custom Sheet Metal Fabrication Mechanical Metal Bending Cutting Welding Manufacturer/m2.
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The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano dispersion was prepared with methylene blue and urea as a reacting medium. These nano particles have an average size of 9 nm which was revealed by High resolution transmission electron microscope.Aluminum Wire 2 Pins Plug Rubber Braided Wire 2X0.75mm2 Power Cord.China Supplier Transparent Flex PVC Steel Wire Hose Pipe-dry-Aluminum Alloy Glass Sucker 1-3 Claws Suction Cup Lifting Machine.Good Price ASTM A36 Q235 Hot DIP Galvanized Steel C Channel.
Results
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Conclusions
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Introduction
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Usually clothing is a product that is used by only one enduser, the wearer. However patient gowns are unique because they have two types of endusers - the patients and the caregiversChina Clamping-Clamping Pneumatic Butterfly Valve with Horizontal Actuator. The Hospital Association says that while the average visit to a community hospital has become shorter due to an aging population,G30 Solar LED Street Light Highway Lighting with CREE Chip Factory Price.Best Quality Australian Type Welding Torch with Mixer (2W1121)LCD Display 0-6 Inch / 150mm Vernier Metric Digital Caliper. Materials used in surgical gowns should function as protective barriers against the transfer of micro-organisms, particulates and fluids to minimize penetration and the potential for personnel contamination2 Way Sanitary Stainless Steel Tri Clamp Electric Motorized Ball Valve.
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Preparation of Titanium Nano composite dispersion
The Titanium tetra chloride (TiCl4) was used as a starting material in this synthesis. 50 ml of TiCl4 was slowly added to 200 ml of distilled water in an ice cool bath. The beaker was taken from the ice bath to room temperature. The beaker was kept in magnetic stirrer to get a homogeneous solution. Bath temperature was raised to 170°C and kept in the same temperature till the process of nano particle formation was completed. In another vessel 30 grams of urea was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water. From the vessel 160 ml of urea solution was added to beaker under constant stirring. The solution turned into white colloid without any precipitation. 25 grams of Methylene blue was added to the titanium nano particles.
Characterisation of Titanium dioxide Nano composite dispersion
The characterisation of the nano particle was done using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) model JEOL JEM 2100. The HRTEM confirms the average size of nano particles.
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A 5×5mm swatch was cut from the nonwoven felt. Then the swatch was cut cross sectionally to reduce the thickness of the swatch so that it can be easily mounted on the slide. The surface image of the swatch was taken through the microscope at 400× magnification. Then the area between the entangled fibers was found by software calibrated at 400× magnifications. The average area of 100 readings was determined.
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Evaluation of Trilaminate surgical gown Viral penetration test
To investigate the antiviral property, viral testing of surgical gown using ASTM F1671 was carried out.Custom Packaging Gift Box Cosmetic Perfume Packing Glass Perfume Bottle. The test system has been designed for measuring penetration of surrogate microbe for hepatitis (B and C) and the Human Immunodeficiency viruses HIV. The surrogate Phi-Two Players Coin Operated Kids Ball Shooting Game Machine.
Tensile and tearing strength
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Hydrostatic resistance test
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Index puncture resistance test
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Results
Characterization of Titanium dioxide nano composite dispersion using HRTEM
The morphology of TiO2 nanoparticle was revealed using HRTEM image shown inUsed Bobcat S185 Mini Skid Steer Loader in China. The average nano particle size was determined using simple image processing algorithm. The average diameter of the nano particle is 9 nm.
TEM image of TiO2Nano Particle
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Evaluation of trilaminate surgical gown
TheRetrofits of Existing Recloser (ABB/Cooper/ Schneider)shows the result of various evaluations conducted on the single layer and trilaminate surgical gown.Automotive Bumper Interior&Exterior Plastic Injection Mold Mould Molding, which confirms that the gown has protection against the hepatitis (B and C), Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and surrogate Phi-X174 bacteriophage.Mini Rubber Mixing Mills Banbury Dispersion Kneaders Machine for Laboratory. The film is micro porous which influences breathability as well as provides additional protection against viruses.Customized Size and Shape Wood Grain Extrusion Aluminum Pipe.Hydraulic Pressure Testing Machine for LPG Cylinder Machine.200/250/300mm Width Waterproof Laminated PVC Plastic Bathroom Tile 3D Wall Panel. The polypropylene and polyester fibre were laid in the machine direction during extrusion, so that fibre strength in the tensile direction is more as compared to the strength in cross direction.Guangzhou Weiqian Intelligent Electronic Scale Solution of Electronic Scale. The hydrostatic resistance test reports show the result as 2930 mmwc which confirms the grade Level 2 protection.Winter Motorcycle Thermal Fleece Warm Cap Ski Full Face Neck Mask Balaclava Hat.8 N.Cordless Phone Hands-Free Function Handset Telephone Parts Plastic Mould.7 g/m2/day which also confirms the gown requirements.Cheap White Cotton Knitted Protective Working Gloves.
Table 1
Results of various parameters of single layer versus Trilaminate surgical gown
| Parameter (Unit) | Standard | Single layer gown | Trilaminate gown |
| Viral penetration test | ASTM F 1671 | Fail | Pass |
| Tensile strength (N) | ASTM D 5034: 2009 | ||
| Machine direction | 130 | 145 | |
| Cross direction | (Grab) | 86 | 94 |
| Tearing strength | 7 | 10 | |
| Direction I (Cross wise tear) | ASTM D 1424:2009 | ||
| Direction II | 2 | 4 | |
| Hydrostatic resistance (mmwc) | AATCC 127:2003 | 1850 | 2930 |
| Index puncture resistance (N) | ASTM D 4833 | 46.5 | 58.8 |
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Discussion
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Only 2% hospital waste is contributed by disposable gowns. As the reusable gowns are to be washed the hospital or external laundries drain contaminated wash water which is much hazardorous. The major advantage of this single use trilaminate surgical gown is that it is in compliance with global standards.
Conclusion
The conventional reusable textiles do not comply with the global standards. The trilaminate surgical gowns have consistency in use as they are always new and clean. Hence there is no need of Compromise during laundering.
Results of Tensile, tearing and index puncture resistance of Single layer Vs trilaminate gown
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References
Articles fromSafety Toughened /Tempered Glass for Canopy Roof Sliding Patio Doorare provided here courtesy ofMakerere University Medical School
