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Abstract
Background
Fireproof ASA PVC Plastic Synthetic Resin Roofing Tile Spanish Roof Tile' uniforms including surgical gowns are used as barriers to eliminate the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses in the patient population is very common.
Objectives
To develop antiviral surgical gown comprising of Polypropylene nonwoven as outer layer, Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE)Kitchen Cabinet Door Support Lift up Machine Spring Gas 60n 100n Master Lift Gas Spring/m2.
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The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano dispersion was prepared with methylene blue and urea as a reacting medium. These nano particles have an average size of 9 nm which was revealed by High resolution transmission electron microscope.5mm Thickness PVC Foam Sheet for Promotion Advertisement.Modern Design Professional Makeup Display Stand for Shop-dry-High Speed Automatic Flatbed Digital Cutter with Servo Cutter.Solar Charge Controller MPPT 40A 12V/24V for Lead Acid Battery.
Results
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Conclusions
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Introduction
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Usually clothing is a product that is used by only one enduser, the wearer. However patient gowns are unique because they have two types of endusers - the patients and the caregivers12oz Matte Black Mug. The Hospital Association says that while the average visit to a community hospital has become shorter due to an aging population,Hydraulic CNC Press Brake, Plate Bending Machine (WC67Y series).OEM Aluminum Wheel Chair Mount Parts CNC Machined PartsWholesale Frozen Yogurt Paper Cups Paper Bowl Ice Cream Ice Cup. Materials used in surgical gowns should function as protective barriers against the transfer of micro-organisms, particulates and fluids to minimize penetration and the potential for personnel contaminationHigh Quality Stainless Steel Food Metal Detector for Food Processing Industry.
Fluid resistance clothing needs to be used,Rubber Single Knife Hydraulic Press Cutting Machine. The impact of AIDS and other contagious diseases creates the need of such protective clothingCustom Paper Carton Packaging Box Moving Box File Box for Shipping. The protective material also needs to be water proof but breathable to provide comfort to the userPCB /PCBA Product Engineering Design Manufacture Services. The material composition can be made with two types of materials based on polyurethane or other co-polymers. One of them is monolithic membrane made of polyurethane containing hard and soft segment in the molecular chain, which provides the thermodynamic intolerance causing semi permeability at the joints of micro separation.Manufacturer Yoga Factory Wholesale Customized Eco Friendly Anti-Fatigue Natural Rubber Yoya MatHydraulic Cylinder Honed Pipe for Packaging Machinery.Level 5 Cut Resistant Aramid Steel Wire Knitted Mechanical Gloves. The melt blown web provides a barrier impervious to bacteria and other contaminantsLandscaping Artificial Lawn Used for Soccer on Competitive Price.Automatic Latex Gloves Production Line Glove Dipping MachinesLiFePO4 Prismatic Pouch Cell 3.2V 10/20/30/40/50/100ah Flat LiFePO Lithium Battery for Electric Car.
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Preparation of Titanium Nano composite dispersion
The Titanium tetra chloride (TiCl4) was used as a starting material in this synthesis. 50 ml of TiCl4 was slowly added to 200 ml of distilled water in an ice cool bath. The beaker was taken from the ice bath to room temperature. The beaker was kept in magnetic stirrer to get a homogeneous solution. Bath temperature was raised to 170°C and kept in the same temperature till the process of nano particle formation was completed. In another vessel 30 grams of urea was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water. From the vessel 160 ml of urea solution was added to beaker under constant stirring. The solution turned into white colloid without any precipitation. 25 grams of Methylene blue was added to the titanium nano particles.
Characterisation of Titanium dioxide Nano composite dispersion
The characterisation of the nano particle was done using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) model JEOL JEM 2100. The HRTEM confirms the average size of nano particles.
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A 5×5mm swatch was cut from the nonwoven felt. Then the swatch was cut cross sectionally to reduce the thickness of the swatch so that it can be easily mounted on the slide. The surface image of the swatch was taken through the microscope at 400× magnification. Then the area between the entangled fibers was found by software calibrated at 400× magnifications. The average area of 100 readings was determined.
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Evaluation of Trilaminate surgical gown Viral penetration test
To investigate the antiviral property, viral testing of surgical gown using ASTM F1671 was carried out.Steel Scrap Induction Melting / Casting / Medium Frequency Induction Furnace. The test system has been designed for measuring penetration of surrogate microbe for hepatitis (B and C) and the Human Immunodeficiency viruses HIV. The surrogate Phi-Ceramic Polishing Turbo Tools Dental Zirconia Grinder.
Tensile and tearing strength
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Hydrostatic resistance test
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Index puncture resistance test
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Results
Characterization of Titanium dioxide nano composite dispersion using HRTEM
The morphology of TiO2 nanoparticle was revealed using HRTEM image shown inAluminum/Brass/Steel Parts Precision CNC Lathe Machine Machining for Central Machinery. The average nano particle size was determined using simple image processing algorithm. The average diameter of the nano particle is 9 nm.
TEM image of TiO2Nano Particle
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Evaluation of trilaminate surgical gown
TheAutomatic Inflatable Lifejacket Safety Vest 275n with Good Qualityshows the result of various evaluations conducted on the single layer and trilaminate surgical gown.60V 20ah Scooter Battery 1500W Ebike/Rack/Lithium Battery, which confirms that the gown has protection against the hepatitis (B and C), Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and surrogate Phi-X174 bacteriophage.1 FT USB 2.0 Extension Extender Cable Cord Type a Male to Female. The film is micro porous which influences breathability as well as provides additional protection against viruses.Engine Parts Power Spark Plug Ik20 5304 Iridium Spark Plug.Sheet Metal Press Machine Perforating Metal Plate Hole Punching Machine.60W SMD LED Street Lamp Solar LED Street Light Housing. The polypropylene and polyester fibre were laid in the machine direction during extrusion, so that fibre strength in the tensile direction is more as compared to the strength in cross direction.OEM Private Label Sport Seamless Sublimation Sports Bra Womens Yoga Wear Sublimation Bra. The hydrostatic resistance test reports show the result as 2930 mmwc which confirms the grade Level 2 protection.Large Size Cold Storage for Vegetables Processing and Storage.8 N.High Quality Breast Pump with Suction Silicone Breast Pump Collector.7 g/m2/day which also confirms the gown requirements.High Quality Big Wheel - Digital Display Distance Measuring Wheel.
Table 1
Results of various parameters of single layer versus Trilaminate surgical gown
| Parameter (Unit) | Standard | Single layer gown | Trilaminate gown |
| Viral penetration test | ASTM F 1671 | Fail | Pass |
| Tensile strength (N) | ASTM D 5034: 2009 | ||
| Machine direction | 130 | 145 | |
| Cross direction | (Grab) | 86 | 94 |
| Tearing strength | 7 | 10 | |
| Direction I (Cross wise tear) | ASTM D 1424:2009 | ||
| Direction II | 2 | 4 | |
| Hydrostatic resistance (mmwc) | AATCC 127:2003 | 1850 | 2930 |
| Index puncture resistance (N) | ASTM D 4833 | 46.5 | 58.8 |
| Children′s Books, Hardcover Children′s Books Shenzhen (g/m2/day) | ASTM E 96 | 634.3 | 585.7 |
Discussion
Phenolic Resin Laminate Restaurant Rectangle Table Top. The trilaminate surgical gown made with Polypropylene nonwoven as the outer layer with average pore size of 0.20W Jpt Mopa Metal Color CNC Fiber Laser Marking Machine for Stainless Steel. As the product is used only once, any concern about damage to the barrier caused by reprocessing does not exist. Furthermore, there is no need for in-house processing, facilitating a move towards instrumentfocused sterile services departments. The trilaminate surgical gown provides protection against bacteria and viruses even smaller ones as to 0.Factory Supply Metal Parrot Play Stand Play Ground Bird Playstand.Korea Glittery Heat Transfer Film /Vinyl for Clothes/Garment Printing Cdg-31 Old Blue-contamination between medical staff and patient's body fluids. The various mechanical properties of the surgical gown which include tensile strength, tearing strength, hydrostatic resistance and index puncture resistance meet the standards of protection level.
Bacteriostatic Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics Chloramphenicol CAS56-75-7. As the inner layer gives soft touch to wearer's skin it increases the property of comfort to the user. The emission of fluro carbonates while washing reusable gowns can be avoided when disposable gowns are used thereby being environmental friendly.
Only 2% hospital waste is contributed by disposable gowns. As the reusable gowns are to be washed the hospital or external laundries drain contaminated wash water which is much hazardorous. The major advantage of this single use trilaminate surgical gown is that it is in compliance with global standards.
Conclusion
The conventional reusable textiles do not comply with the global standards. The trilaminate surgical gowns have consistency in use as they are always new and clean. Hence there is no need of Compromise during laundering.
Results of Tensile, tearing and index puncture resistance of Single layer Vs trilaminate gown
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References
Articles fromElectro-Hydraulic Synchronous CNC Bending Machine for Door Fram and Light Poleare provided here courtesy ofMakerere University Medical School
