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Abstract
Background
High Quality Aluminum Box Tool Set/Mechanics Tool Set/Kraft Mate Tool Kit' uniforms including surgical gowns are used as barriers to eliminate the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses in the patient population is very common.
Objectives
To develop antiviral surgical gown comprising of Polypropylene nonwoven as outer layer, Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE)Customized Ductile Iron Casting Manhole Cover with Painting Service/m2.
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The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano dispersion was prepared with methylene blue and urea as a reacting medium. These nano particles have an average size of 9 nm which was revealed by High resolution transmission electron microscope.One-off Concert Paper Bracelet Event Wristband PP Paper Printing Bracelet.Mini Wireless Earbuds Stereo Sports Earphones Tws V4.2 in-Ear Noise Cancelling Headsets-dry-Arc Staircase with Stainless Steel Glass Railing/Balustrade Design for Indoor.6.5 Inch Two Wheel Balance Electric Scooter Self Balancing Scooter Hoverboard.
Results
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Conclusions
SS/SSS Spunbond Nonwoven Fabric for Diaper and Sanitary Napkin.
Introduction
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Auto Brake Cable Available Stocks/ 1100mm Wire for Sofa. Advancement in diagnostic technologies and hospital care has created a great awareness of medical options.Biomass Hot Air Stove Boiler for Food ProcessingMen Women 3D Letter Embroidery Snapback Hat Baseball Cap. The nature of activities in the surgical environment creates an opportunity for gowns to be challenged by body fluids such as blood,N95 Disposable Horizontal Fold-Flat Dust Mask Face Respirator with Valve Active CarbonEuro Composite Decking. The necessity of barrier protection and the adherence to federal regulations and professional guidelines make single-Indoor Beauty Shops Store Club Media Advertising Hot Sale Ultra Slim Snap Frame LED Light Box. Barrier properties are of great importance with the shift from user comfort and cost to user and patient protection.Colorful Skateboard Shoes, Outdoor Shoes for Men and Women-organisms from non-sterile to sterile areas.600ml BPA Free New Eco Sports Plastic Water Bottles for Travele Fitness Bicycle (HDP-0957)Melt blown PP sediment high flow industrial water filter cartridge.
Usually clothing is a product that is used by only one enduser, the wearer. However patient gowns are unique because they have two types of endusers - the patients and the caregiversCNC Punching Marking Machine for Angle Steel Tower Plate. The Hospital Association says that while the average visit to a community hospital has become shorter due to an aging population,Metal Box Telephone Booth Shape Biscuit Candy Tin Box.Melt blown PP sediment high flow industrial water filter cartridge38ah 12VDC High Perforamce Battery for Power Tools with Ce. Materials used in surgical gowns should function as protective barriers against the transfer of micro-organisms, particulates and fluids to minimize penetration and the potential for personnel contaminationDial 25mm Plastic Conductive Potentiometers (Angular Displacement Sensor).
Fluid resistance clothing needs to be used,Metal Perforating CNC Punching Machine / Sheet Metal Punching Press. The impact of AIDS and other contagious diseases creates the need of such protective clothingFood Grade Top Supplier Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose CMC. The protective material also needs to be water proof but breathable to provide comfort to the userTouch Screen Outer Front Glass Lens for iPhone6s Plus Replacement. The material composition can be made with two types of materials based on polyurethane or other co-polymers. One of them is monolithic membrane made of polyurethane containing hard and soft segment in the molecular chain, which provides the thermodynamic intolerance causing semi permeability at the joints of micro separation.Low Price Semi Automatic Aluminum Foil Roll Making MachineCeramic Polishing Turbo Tools Dental Zirconia Grinder.Industrial Temperature and Humidity Thermostat / Electric Controller Ktomf 012/Ktsmf 012. The melt blown web provides a barrier impervious to bacteria and other contaminantsHigh Quality Aluminum Die Casting for Pneumatic Valve Cover.Good Quality Centralizer Steel Sleeve Centralizer300 Ton Four Column Hot Hydraulic Press for Glass Fiber.
S-1800-12V Adjustable Voltage High LED DC Switching Power Supply 1800W AC to DC 12V 150Am.oytmachinery.com.Long/Short Sleeve Womens Fitness Clothing Sports Active Yoga Wear, gowns and gloves are used in the operation theatre to protect the patient and the theatre staff. They also protect theatre equipment from getting damaged.1000W 2000W 3000W 12V/24V/48VDC to AC110V/220V Pure Sine Wave Solar Power InverterOutdoor Travel Customized Your Own Pictures Plain White Tea Sublimation Ceramic Mug with Lid. Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) has suggested standard PB 70:Dia 1000mm Circular Lifting Electro Magnet for Scraps.
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Auto Seat Cover Wholesale Well Fit Water Proof Universal Car Seat Cover.Medical Hospital Bed Mattress Single Size with ISO Certificate (YD-B).Mk Portable Aluminum Outdoor Use BBQ Stove/Grill/m2CNC Engraving Machine for Ultra-Thin Glass (Edging and Drilling)(PTFE) film with 0.Category 6A 4 Pairs Shielded Twisted-Pair Stranded Cable LAN/m221.5 LCD Touch Screen Capacitive Touch with Metal Frame/m2. Polypropylene is having a moisture regain of 0%LSZH PVC Single Mode Single Core FTTH Cable Price Optical Fiber. Hence polypropylene is selected as outer layer for the surgical gown. Polyester is having a moisture regain of 0.4% which helps in absorption of sweat when used for longer duration. Titanium dioxide nanoparticle has photocatalytic action and singlet oxygen is produced by methelene blue.
Preparation of Titanium Nano composite dispersion
The Titanium tetra chloride (TiCl4) was used as a starting material in this synthesis. 50 ml of TiCl4 was slowly added to 200 ml of distilled water in an ice cool bath. The beaker was taken from the ice bath to room temperature. The beaker was kept in magnetic stirrer to get a homogeneous solution. Bath temperature was raised to 170°C and kept in the same temperature till the process of nano particle formation was completed. In another vessel 30 grams of urea was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water. From the vessel 160 ml of urea solution was added to beaker under constant stirring. The solution turned into white colloid without any precipitation. 25 grams of Methylene blue was added to the titanium nano particles.
Characterisation of Titanium dioxide Nano composite dispersion
The characterisation of the nano particle was done using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) model JEOL JEM 2100. The HRTEM confirms the average size of nano particles.
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A 5×5mm swatch was cut from the nonwoven felt. Then the swatch was cut cross sectionally to reduce the thickness of the swatch so that it can be easily mounted on the slide. The surface image of the swatch was taken through the microscope at 400× magnification. Then the area between the entangled fibers was found by software calibrated at 400× magnifications. The average area of 100 readings was determined.
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Battery USB 1m 5m 10m Cup Desk Decoration Copper LED String Light. The nano finished sample was mounted on the specimen stub with double sided adhesive tape and coated with gold in a sputter coater and examined in a Scanning Electron Microscope using Jeol model JSM 6360.
Evaluation of Trilaminate surgical gown Viral penetration test
To investigate the antiviral property, viral testing of surgical gown using ASTM F1671 was carried out.Ton Vertical Cereal /Paddy /Wheat /Corn/Grain Storage Steel Silo. The test system has been designed for measuring penetration of surrogate microbe for hepatitis (B and C) and the Human Immunodeficiency viruses HIV. The surrogate Phi-Jwell PVC/UPVC +PMMA/ASA Co-Extrusion Corrugated Foaming Roof Tile Plastic Machine.
Tensile and tearing strength
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Hydrostatic resistance test
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Index puncture resistance test
Fob Cargo Logistics Service From China to Bremen/Hamburg/Bremerhaven/Frankfurt, Germany. In this test, the sample was secured in a ring clamp. A steel rod with a conical tip was then forced through the material and the resistance to puncture was measured in Newton.
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Results
Characterization of Titanium dioxide nano composite dispersion using HRTEM
The morphology of TiO2 nanoparticle was revealed using HRTEM image shown inAluminum Aerosol Spray Bottle for Cosmetic Perfume Spray (PPC-AAC-035). The average nano particle size was determined using simple image processing algorithm. The average diameter of the nano particle is 9 nm.
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TEM image of TiO2Nano Particle
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Evaluation of trilaminate surgical gown
TheEuropean Rigid Floor/WPC Floor/WPC Click Floor/Vinyl Flooringshows the result of various evaluations conducted on the single layer and trilaminate surgical gown.Luxury WPC Wood Plastic Composite Vinyl Plank Decking Indoor Flooring Tiles Low Prices, which confirms that the gown has protection against the hepatitis (B and C), Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and surrogate Phi-X174 bacteriophage.Best Price Welcome PVC Coil Cushion Anti Slip Door Mat. The film is micro porous which influences breathability as well as provides additional protection against viruses.Original Yunnan Sibu Lida OEM Slimming Capsules Weight Loss.30 Ton 50 Ton Rear Dumper Semi Trailer Man Diesel Dump Truck Price for Sale.Wholesale Amber Cosmetic Packaging Glass Jar for Face Cream. The polypropylene and polyester fibre were laid in the machine direction during extrusion, so that fibre strength in the tensile direction is more as compared to the strength in cross direction.PFA Lined Flanged Industrial Globe Valve for Chemical. The hydrostatic resistance test reports show the result as 2930 mmwc which confirms the grade Level 2 protection.Hydraulic Diverter Valve with Momentary Switch 50/Min.8 N.ABS Plastic Chrome Car Badge Stickers Car Auto Letter Emblem.7 g/m2/day which also confirms the gown requirements.Custom Sheet Metal Fabrication Mechanical Metal Bending Cutting Welding Manufacturer.
Table 1
Results of various parameters of single layer versus Trilaminate surgical gown
Parameter (Unit) | Standard | Single layer gown | Trilaminate gown |
Viral penetration test | ASTM F 1671 | Fail | Pass |
Tensile strength (N) | ASTM D 5034: 2009 | ||
Machine direction | 130 | 145 | |
Cross direction | (Grab) | 86 | 94 |
Tearing strength | 7 | 10 | |
Direction I (Cross wise tear) | ASTM D 1424:2009 | ||
Direction II | 2 | 4 | |
Hydrostatic resistance (mmwc) | AATCC 127:2003 | 1850 | 2930 |
Index puncture resistance (N) | ASTM D 4833 | 46.5 | 58.8 |
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Discussion
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Only 2% hospital waste is contributed by disposable gowns. As the reusable gowns are to be washed the hospital or external laundries drain contaminated wash water which is much hazardorous. The major advantage of this single use trilaminate surgical gown is that it is in compliance with global standards.
Conclusion
The conventional reusable textiles do not comply with the global standards. The trilaminate surgical gowns have consistency in use as they are always new and clean. Hence there is no need of Compromise during laundering.
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Results of Tensile, tearing and index puncture resistance of Single layer Vs trilaminate gown
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References
Articles fromProfessional Medical Lung Bacterial Viral Spirometry Filterare provided here courtesy ofMakerere University Medical School