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Abstract
Background
CNC Punching Marking Machine for Angle Steel Tower Plate' uniforms including surgical gowns are used as barriers to eliminate the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses in the patient population is very common.
Objectives
To develop antiviral surgical gown comprising of Polypropylene nonwoven as outer layer, Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE)Aluminum/Brass/Steel Parts Precision CNC Lathe Machine Machining for Central Machinery/m2.
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The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano dispersion was prepared with methylene blue and urea as a reacting medium. These nano particles have an average size of 9 nm which was revealed by High resolution transmission electron microscope.Fashion Jewelry Star Tassel 925 Sterling Silver Earring Wedding Jewelry.2018 New Wireless Bt Speaker with UHF Microphone Home KTV-dry-Acrylic or Plastic Material Transparent Business Cards (HW-802).Children Cotton Polyester Blank Hoodie Sportswear Unisex Spliced Color Hoody Sweatshirts Pullover.
Results
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Conclusions
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Introduction
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Usually clothing is a product that is used by only one enduser, the wearer. However patient gowns are unique because they have two types of endusers - the patients and the caregiversHigh Performance Miniature Ball Bearings 2*7*3mm Mr72zz. The Hospital Association says that while the average visit to a community hospital has become shorter due to an aging population,Four Size Automatic High Precision Wood Panel Table Saw Cutting Machine.High Quality Removable Flange Thermal Insulation JacketCold Room Storage Metal Heavy Duty Galvanized Pallet Shelving. Materials used in surgical gowns should function as protective barriers against the transfer of micro-organisms, particulates and fluids to minimize penetration and the potential for personnel contaminationAutomatic Bar Pleat Soap Cellophane Wrapping Machine.
Fluid resistance clothing needs to be used,Carbon Steel Highway Guardrail Cold Roll Forming Making Machine. The impact of AIDS and other contagious diseases creates the need of such protective clothingChina Embossing Machine. The protective material also needs to be water proof but breathable to provide comfort to the userHybrid PIR Sensor & Camera with Ios Android APP Supported (ES-W2). The material composition can be made with two types of materials based on polyurethane or other co-polymers. One of them is monolithic membrane made of polyurethane containing hard and soft segment in the molecular chain, which provides the thermodynamic intolerance causing semi permeability at the joints of micro separation.HDMI Conference Equipment Portable Visual Present with USBInline Straight Planetary Gear Unit for Mini Roller Coaster.12oz Matte Black Mug, Matte Finsihed Black Mug, 12oz Coffee Mug, Matte Black Coffee Mug. The melt blown web provides a barrier impervious to bacteria and other contaminantsPolyurethane Foam PU Sandwich Panel Insulation Board Suppliers.Wholesale ABS Housing Ceiling Mounted PIR Motion Sensor for Burglar Alarm SystemVertical Food Granule Grain Weighing Filling Packing Machine.
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Preparation of Titanium Nano composite dispersion
The Titanium tetra chloride (TiCl4) was used as a starting material in this synthesis. 50 ml of TiCl4 was slowly added to 200 ml of distilled water in an ice cool bath. The beaker was taken from the ice bath to room temperature. The beaker was kept in magnetic stirrer to get a homogeneous solution. Bath temperature was raised to 170°C and kept in the same temperature till the process of nano particle formation was completed. In another vessel 30 grams of urea was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water. From the vessel 160 ml of urea solution was added to beaker under constant stirring. The solution turned into white colloid without any precipitation. 25 grams of Methylene blue was added to the titanium nano particles.
Characterisation of Titanium dioxide Nano composite dispersion
The characterisation of the nano particle was done using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) model JEOL JEM 2100. The HRTEM confirms the average size of nano particles.
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A 5×5mm swatch was cut from the nonwoven felt. Then the swatch was cut cross sectionally to reduce the thickness of the swatch so that it can be easily mounted on the slide. The surface image of the swatch was taken through the microscope at 400× magnification. Then the area between the entangled fibers was found by software calibrated at 400× magnifications. The average area of 100 readings was determined.
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Evaluation of Trilaminate surgical gown Viral penetration test
To investigate the antiviral property, viral testing of surgical gown using ASTM F1671 was carried out.A4 /FC Durable Chipboard Paper Ring Binder File Folder. The test system has been designed for measuring penetration of surrogate microbe for hepatitis (B and C) and the Human Immunodeficiency viruses HIV. The surrogate Phi-Nail Salon Furniture Cartoon Whirlpool Kids SPA Pedicure Chair.
Tensile and tearing strength
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Hydrostatic resistance test
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Index puncture resistance test
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Results
Characterization of Titanium dioxide nano composite dispersion using HRTEM
The morphology of TiO2 nanoparticle was revealed using HRTEM image shown inLCD Display 0-6 Inch / 150mm Vernier Metric Digital Caliper. The average nano particle size was determined using simple image processing algorithm. The average diameter of the nano particle is 9 nm.
TEM image of TiO2Nano Particle
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Evaluation of trilaminate surgical gown
TheFull Automatic Chicken Cage Wire Mesh Machine for Hexagonal Meshshows the result of various evaluations conducted on the single layer and trilaminate surgical gown.Brass Adapter Head for Thermal Spray Applications Fitting CNC Machining Parts, which confirms that the gown has protection against the hepatitis (B and C), Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and surrogate Phi-X174 bacteriophage.Hot Dipped Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Aviary Fence. The film is micro porous which influences breathability as well as provides additional protection against viruses.Ksd206 Bimetal Thermostat Oil Heater Liquid Expansion Temperature Controller Sensor.Transparent Heat Sealed Blister Packaging with Print Paper Card.Multi-Functional Vacuum/Cavitation/RF Fat Freezing Slimming Boay Care Beauty Equipment. The polypropylene and polyester fibre were laid in the machine direction during extrusion, so that fibre strength in the tensile direction is more as compared to the strength in cross direction.Stainless Steel T-Bolt Hose Clamp with Spring (WW-THC02). The hydrostatic resistance test reports show the result as 2930 mmwc which confirms the grade Level 2 protection.High Quality Stacking Plastic Crystal Bar Stool Chiavari Napoloen Chair.8 N.1.1210 S50C SAE1050 Carbon Steel Plate & Flat Bar for Plastic die.7 g/m2/day which also confirms the gown requirements.Tl Series Is a Large Vertical AC Synchronous Motor for Vertical Axial or Centrifugal Pump Machinery..
Table 1
Results of various parameters of single layer versus Trilaminate surgical gown
| Parameter (Unit) | Standard | Single layer gown | Trilaminate gown |
| Viral penetration test | ASTM F 1671 | Fail | Pass |
| Tensile strength (N) | ASTM D 5034: 2009 | ||
| Machine direction | 130 | 145 | |
| Cross direction | (Grab) | 86 | 94 |
| Tearing strength | 7 | 10 | |
| Direction I (Cross wise tear) | ASTM D 1424:2009 | ||
| Direction II | 2 | 4 | |
| Hydrostatic resistance (mmwc) | AATCC 127:2003 | 1850 | 2930 |
| Index puncture resistance (N) | ASTM D 4833 | 46.5 | 58.8 |
| X (S) N-150/30 China Lanhang Rubber Mixing Machine (g/m2/day) | ASTM E 96 | 634.3 | 585.7 |
Discussion
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Only 2% hospital waste is contributed by disposable gowns. As the reusable gowns are to be washed the hospital or external laundries drain contaminated wash water which is much hazardorous. The major advantage of this single use trilaminate surgical gown is that it is in compliance with global standards.
Conclusion
The conventional reusable textiles do not comply with the global standards. The trilaminate surgical gowns have consistency in use as they are always new and clean. Hence there is no need of Compromise during laundering.
Results of Tensile, tearing and index puncture resistance of Single layer Vs trilaminate gown
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References
Articles fromCommercial Electric Overhead Aluminum Foam Roller Shutter Door for Garage or Warehouseare provided here courtesy ofMakerere University Medical School
