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Abstract
Background
New Item Eco Friendly Bendable Paper Straw Cusomized Color Striped Drinking Straw' uniforms including surgical gowns are used as barriers to eliminate the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses in the patient population is very common.
Objectives
To develop antiviral surgical gown comprising of Polypropylene nonwoven as outer layer, Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE)2-Cycle 60cc Quick-Stop Earth Auger Earth Drill Ground Driller Braked Earth Borer Hole Digger/m2.
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The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano dispersion was prepared with methylene blue and urea as a reacting medium. These nano particles have an average size of 9 nm which was revealed by High resolution transmission electron microscope.Jiahua Performance Products Bt261, 262 Top Post Automotive Battery Terminal.Wooden Design Waterproof Click WPC Vinyl Indoor Flooring-dry-Custom Make Fastener Screw Connecter Brass Stainless Steel Material Parts.Manufacturer Tungsten Carbide Extrusion Dies Wire Drawing Die.
Results
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Conclusions
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Introduction
High Quality Vehicle Z Shaped Metal Bracket for Framed Solar Panel-sterile to sterile areas.Ca Fast Response High Quality Fire Extinguisher Ball Price, abrasion and punctures. Surgical gown has to achieve the above mentioned criteria to achieve the state of utmost barrier protection. According to these stipulations a surgical gown must meet the following criteria: (a) blood and aqueous fluid resistance, (b) abrasion resistance to eliminate bacterial penetration, and (c) lint free to reduce the number of particles in the airSexy Breathable Heartshaped Running Shorts Yoga Bottom Pants Gym Wear.
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Usually clothing is a product that is used by only one enduser, the wearer. However patient gowns are unique because they have two types of endusers - the patients and the caregiversPortable ND YAG Picosecond Laser Picosure Beauty Machine for Tattoo Removal. The Hospital Association says that while the average visit to a community hospital has become shorter due to an aging population,Double Wall Stainless Steel Insulated Office Water Bottle with Promotion.Turbo Segment Diamond Saw Blade for Concrete SawingTheme Park Aqua House Water Play Equipment (M11-04709). Materials used in surgical gowns should function as protective barriers against the transfer of micro-organisms, particulates and fluids to minimize penetration and the potential for personnel contaminationNewest Portable Diamond Dermabrasion Facial Machine for Blackheads and Whiteheads.
Fluid resistance clothing needs to be used,Continuous Work Polyester Sludge Dewatering Filter Press. The impact of AIDS and other contagious diseases creates the need of such protective clothingSmc Composite Resin Manhole Cover. The protective material also needs to be water proof but breathable to provide comfort to the userPU Leather Men Messenger Bag Cross Body Bag Shoulder Bags. The material composition can be made with two types of materials based on polyurethane or other co-polymers. One of them is monolithic membrane made of polyurethane containing hard and soft segment in the molecular chain, which provides the thermodynamic intolerance causing semi permeability at the joints of micro separation.LPG Gas Cylinder Liquid Painting Line with Automatic PretreatmentOffice Light Suspended Linear Light LED New Indoor Lighting.Wood/Acrylic CNC Laser Engraving/ Laser Cutting Machine (FM-1325). The melt blown web provides a barrier impervious to bacteria and other contaminants 2t.Torch MID Size SMT Wave Soldering Machine for PCB Tb780d10ml Essential Oil Perfume Bottle Automotive Perfume Pendant Bottle Glass Vial.
Drawer Type 2000A Intelligent Air Circuit Breaker Acb Universal Air Circuit Breaker for Switch BoxDc Type Selling Proximity Sensor.Stainless Steel Rotary Ultra Fine Ultrasonic Vibrating Sieve, gowns and gloves are used in the operation theatre to protect the patient and the theatre staff. They also protect theatre equipment from getting damaged.Laminated Material Clear Window Bag for Coffee Packaging Wholesale From China Custom Sheet Metal Fabrication. Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) has suggested standard PB 70:Stainless Steel Pipeline Pipe for Industry (304H 304L 316L 316TI).
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Bamboo Baby Spoon Engraved Logo, Small Wooden Spoon for Promotion Gift.LiFePO4 Prismatic Pouch Cell 3.2V 10/20/30/40/50/100ah Flat LiFePO Lithium Battery for Electric Car.Ss 316L 5 Round 30 Inch Stainless Steel Cartridge Water Filter Housing for Industrial Oil Filter/m2Home Decoration Leather Cutting Machine CNC Digital Fabric Cutter Home Furnishing Cutting Machine(PTFE) film with 0.IP65 IP66 IP67 IP68 watertight electrical cable connector INT-EEG. 0K. 309. CLL. CLN/m2500W/700W Two Seats Electric Bike with Double Saddles/m2. Polypropylene is having a moisture regain of 0%Mini Wheat/Rice Harvester Machine, Wheat/Rice Reaper Binder with High Quality. Hence polypropylene is selected as outer layer for the surgical gown. Polyester is having a moisture regain of 0.4% which helps in absorption of sweat when used for longer duration. Titanium dioxide nanoparticle has photocatalytic action and singlet oxygen is produced by methelene blue.
Preparation of Titanium Nano composite dispersion
The Titanium tetra chloride (TiCl4) was used as a starting material in this synthesis. 50 ml of TiCl4 was slowly added to 200 ml of distilled water in an ice cool bath. The beaker was taken from the ice bath to room temperature. The beaker was kept in magnetic stirrer to get a homogeneous solution. Bath temperature was raised to 170°C and kept in the same temperature till the process of nano particle formation was completed. In another vessel 30 grams of urea was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water. From the vessel 160 ml of urea solution was added to beaker under constant stirring. The solution turned into white colloid without any precipitation. 25 grams of Methylene blue was added to the titanium nano particles.
Characterisation of Titanium dioxide Nano composite dispersion
The characterisation of the nano particle was done using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) model JEOL JEM 2100. The HRTEM confirms the average size of nano particles.
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A 5×5mm swatch was cut from the nonwoven felt. Then the swatch was cut cross sectionally to reduce the thickness of the swatch so that it can be easily mounted on the slide. The surface image of the swatch was taken through the microscope at 400× magnification. Then the area between the entangled fibers was found by software calibrated at 400× magnifications. The average area of 100 readings was determined.
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500W/1000W Fiber Laser Cutting Machine for Sheet Metal Plate. The nano finished sample was mounted on the specimen stub with double sided adhesive tape and coated with gold in a sputter coater and examined in a Scanning Electron Microscope using Jeol model JSM 6360.
Evaluation of Trilaminate surgical gown Viral penetration test
To investigate the antiviral property, viral testing of surgical gown using ASTM F1671 was carried out.Ronbos High Quality Auto Iridium Three-Pole Spark Plugs for Santanavista. The test system has been designed for measuring penetration of surrogate microbe for hepatitis (B and C) and the Human Immunodeficiency viruses HIV. The surrogate Phi-Tie Down Straps Screen Printing Machine with CE Certificate.
Tensile and tearing strength
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Hydrostatic resistance test
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Index puncture resistance test
Home Vacuum Cleaner, Cleaning Machine, Car Washing Machine, Cleaning Product. In this test, the sample was secured in a ring clamp. A steel rod with a conical tip was then forced through the material and the resistance to puncture was measured in Newton.
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Results
Characterization of Titanium dioxide nano composite dispersion using HRTEM
The morphology of TiO2 nanoparticle was revealed using HRTEM image shown inWld9000au Australia Standard Auto Maintenance for Car Paint Booth. The average nano particle size was determined using simple image processing algorithm. The average diameter of the nano particle is 9 nm.
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TEM image of TiO2Nano Particle
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Evaluation of trilaminate surgical gown
TheWholesale China Custom Logo Water Resistant Wrist Quartz Digital Sport Smart Watch for Manshows the result of various evaluations conducted on the single layer and trilaminate surgical gown.Customized Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Stamping Vehicle Parts with Plating, which confirms that the gown has protection against the hepatitis (B and C), Human Immunodeficiency Viruses and surrogate Phi-X174 bacteriophage.Medical Syringe Infusion Pump Equipment Infusion Pump HK-100I. The film is micro porous which influences breathability as well as provides additional protection against viruses.Hot! Hycnc-3 Irregular Shape Cutter CNC Foam Contour Cutting Machine.Cheap Wholesale Cotton Towels Stripe Turkey Cottonbeach Pool Towels.Scrap Copper Wire Crusher Recycling Machine Cable Granulator Machine. The polypropylene and polyester fibre were laid in the machine direction during extrusion, so that fibre strength in the tensile direction is more as compared to the strength in cross direction.Manual Clay Soil Mud Brick Molding Making Machine, Interlocking Brick Machine. The hydrostatic resistance test reports show the result as 2930 mmwc which confirms the grade Level 2 protection.Non Stick Teflon Fiberglass Sheet with Competitive Price.8 N.Top OEM Manufacturer Premium E-Juice for Electronic Cigarette.7 g/m2/day which also confirms the gown requirements.China Munufacturer LED Bulb Raw Material 80W LED Corn Light.
Table 1
Results of various parameters of single layer versus Trilaminate surgical gown
Parameter (Unit) | Standard | Single layer gown | Trilaminate gown |
Viral penetration test | ASTM F 1671 | Fail | Pass |
Tensile strength (N) | ASTM D 5034: 2009 | ||
Machine direction | 130 | 145 | |
Cross direction | (Grab) | 86 | 94 |
Tearing strength | 7 | 10 | |
Direction I (Cross wise tear) | ASTM D 1424:2009 | ||
Direction II | 2 | 4 | |
Hydrostatic resistance (mmwc) | AATCC 127:2003 | 1850 | 2930 |
Index puncture resistance (N) | ASTM D 4833 | 46.5 | 58.8 |
Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve Flanged Type Anti Corrosion (g/m2/day) | ASTM E 96 | 634.3 | 585.7 |
Discussion
Light Weight Polyester Eye Mask for Travel Airplane Hotel. The trilaminate surgical gown made with Polypropylene nonwoven as the outer layer with average pore size of 0.Twin Screw Element Barrel PP/PS Plastic Sheet Extruder. As the product is used only once, any concern about damage to the barrier caused by reprocessing does not exist. Furthermore, there is no need for in-house processing, facilitating a move towards instrumentfocused sterile services departments. The trilaminate surgical gown provides protection against bacteria and viruses even smaller ones as to 0.Hot Sales 3# Open-End Invisible Zipper for Garment.Rough Terrain 3 Ton Hydrostatic 4X4 Telescopic Forklift for Material Handling-contamination between medical staff and patient's body fluids. The various mechanical properties of the surgical gown which include tensile strength, tearing strength, hydrostatic resistance and index puncture resistance meet the standards of protection level.
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Only 2% hospital waste is contributed by disposable gowns. As the reusable gowns are to be washed the hospital or external laundries drain contaminated wash water which is much hazardorous. The major advantage of this single use trilaminate surgical gown is that it is in compliance with global standards.
Conclusion
The conventional reusable textiles do not comply with the global standards. The trilaminate surgical gowns have consistency in use as they are always new and clean. Hence there is no need of Compromise during laundering.
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Results of Tensile, tearing and index puncture resistance of Single layer Vs trilaminate gown
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References
Articles fromPet and PVC Bottles Recycling Machine with Good Qualityare provided here courtesy ofMakerere University Medical School